Understanding the Heterogeneity of Obesity and the Relationship to the Brain-Gut Axis

Autor: Arpana Gupta, Jonathan P. Jacobs, Janet S. Sinsheimer, Tien S. Dong, Emeran A. Mayer, Venu Lagishetty, David Elashoff, Priten Vora, Jean Stains, Tony Hung, Zixi Chen
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Male
0301 basic medicine
obesity
Hispanic
microbiome
Physiology
Overweight
Logistic regression
Oral and gastrointestinal
Body Mass Index
Correlation
Feces
0302 clinical medicine
RNA
Ribosomal
16S
Amino Acids
metabolites
Nutrition and Dietetics
Brain
Hispanic or Latino
Middle Aged
Female
medicine.symptom
lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply
Sequence Analysis
health disparity
Adult
16S
brain-gut axis
Adolescent
precision medicine
lcsh:TX341-641
Article
Odds
Young Adult
03 medical and health sciences
Food Sciences
Metabolic Diseases
Clinical Research
medicine
Humans
Microbiome
Life Below Water
Nutrition
Ribosomal
Sequence Analysis
RNA
business.industry
Neurosciences
Odds ratio
medicine.disease
Obesity
Diet
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Gastrointestinal Tract
Cross-Sectional Studies
030104 developmental biology
Socioeconomic Factors
RNA
heterogeneity
business
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Food Science
Zdroj: Nutrients, vol 12, iss 12
Nutrients
Nutrients, Vol 12, Iss 3701, p 3701 (2020)
Volume 12
Issue 12
ISSN: 2072-6643
Popis: Obesity is best understood as a multifactorial metabolic imbalances disorder. In a cross-sectional study, we aimed to explore sociodemographic and dietary determinants of obesity in relation to brain-gut homeostasis among overweight and obese individuals. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine obesity and its association with sociodemographic and dietary factors. Biological variables examined included the gut microbiome, fecal amino acid metabolites and brain structural volumes. Among 130 participants, there were higher odds of obesity if individuals were Hispanic (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.56, p = 0.014). Compared to non-Hispanics, Hispanics differed in gut microbial composition (p = 0.046) with lower microbial species richness (Chao1) (p = 0.032) and evenness (Shannon) (p = 0.0029). Fourteen of the twenty fecal amino acids including branch-chain- and aromatic- amino acids were increased among Hispanics (q <
0.05). Brain structural volumes in reward regions were decreased in Hispanics (pallidum, q = 0.036
brainstem, q = 0.011). Correlation patterns suggest complex brain-gut interactions differ by Hispanic ethnicity. In conclusion, Hispanics expressed a unique brain-gut microbial signature, which was associated with obesity despite sociodemographic and dietary differences. Addressing ethnic disparities guided by biologic phenotypes may unlock novel understanding of obesity heterogeneity and treatment strategies.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: