Varicella Zoster Virus: A Common Cause of Stroke in Children and Adults
| Autor: | Donald H. Gilden, Catherine Amlie-Lefond |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Herpesvirus 3 Human Adolescent viruses Giant Cell Arteritis medicine.disease_cause Herpes Zoster Article Virus Chickenpox Vaccine 03 medical and health sciences Chickenpox 0302 clinical medicine Risk Factors medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Child Aged Aged 80 and over integumentary system business.industry Vaccination Rehabilitation Age Factors Varicella zoster virus virus diseases Middle Aged biochemical phenomena metabolism and nutrition medicine.disease Virology eye diseases Stroke Giant cell arteritis Immunization Child Preschool Host-Pathogen Interactions Immunology Surgery Neurology (clinical) Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Shingles |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases. 25:1561-1569 |
| ISSN: | 1052-3057 |
| Popis: | Background Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is a neurotropic, exclusively human herpesvirus. Primary infection causes varicella (chickenpox), after which the virus becomes latent in ganglionic neurons along the entire neuraxis. As cell-mediated immunity to VZV declines with advancing age and immunosuppression, VZV reactivates to produce zoster (shingles). One of the most serious complications of zoster is VZV vasculopathy. Methods We reviewed recent studies of stroke associated with varicella and zoster, how VZV vasculopathy is verified virologically, vaccination to prevent varicella and immunization to prevent zoster, and VZV in giant cell arteritis (GCA). Findings We report recent epidemiological studies revealing an increased risk of stroke after zoster; the clinical, laboratory, and imaging features of VZV vasculopathy; that VZV vasculopathy is confirmed by the presence of either VZV DNA or anti-VZV IgG antibody in cerebrospinal fluid; special features of VZV vasculopathy in children; vaccination to prevent varicella and immunization to prevent zoster; and the latest evidence linking VZV to GCA. Conclusion In children and adults, VZV is a common cause of stroke. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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