Effect of low- and high-carbohydrate diets on swimming economy: a crossover study
| Autor: | Merry A. Bestard, George H. Crocker, Jeffrey Rothschild |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Time Factors Oxygen pulse lcsh:TX341-641 Clinical nutrition Efficiency Athletic Performance 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology Diet Carbohydrate-Restricted 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Heart Rate Heart rate Dietary Carbohydrates Humans Medicine lcsh:Sports medicine Respiratory exchange ratio Swimming Cross-Over Studies Nutrition and Dietetics business.industry VO2 max Stroke Volume 030229 sport sciences Dietary Fats Crossover study Sports Nutritional Physiological Phenomena Breath Tests Economy Fat Physical Endurance Exercise intensity Female Energy expenditure Dietary Proteins Analysis of variance Macronutrients Energy Metabolism business lcsh:RC1200-1245 human activities lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply Research Article Food Science |
| Zdroj: | Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, Vol 17, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2020) Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition |
| ISSN: | 1550-2783 |
| Popis: | Background: Swimming economy refers to the rate of energy expenditure relative to swimming speed of movement, is inversely related to the energetic cost of swimming, and is as a key factor influencing endurance swimming performance. The objective of this study was to determine if high-carbohydrate, low-fat (HCLF) and low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diets affect energetic cost of submaximal swimming. Methods: Eight recreational swimmers consumed two 3-day isoenergetic diets in a crossover design. Diets were tailored to individual food preferences, and macronutrient consumption was 69-16-16% and 16-67-18% carbohydrate-fat-protein for the HCLF and LCHF diets, respectively. Following each 3-day dietary intervention, participants swam in a flume at velocities associated with 50, 60, and 70% of their maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max). Expired breath was collected and analyzed while they swam which enabled calculation of the energetic cost of swimming. A paired t-test compared macronutrient distribution between HCLF and LCHF diets, while repeated-measures ANOVA determined effects of diet and exercise intensity on physiological endpoints.Results: Respiratory exchange ratio was significantly higher in HCLF compared to LCHF (p = 0.003), but there were no significant differences in the rate of oxygen consumption (p = 0.499) or energetic cost of swimming (p = 0.324) between diets. Heart rate did not differ between diets (p = 0.712), but oxygen pulse, a non-invasive surrogate for stroke volume, was greater following the HCLF diet (p = 0.029). Conclusions: A 3-day high-carbohydrate diet increased carbohydrate utilization but did not affect swimming economy at 50-70% VO2max. As these intensities are applicable to ultramarathon swims, future studies should use higher intensities that would be more relevant to shorter duration events. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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