Amplified Striatal Responses to Near-Miss Outcomes in Pathological Gamblers

Autor: Monique H.M. Timmer, Dirk E. M. Geurts, Luke Clark, Mahur M. Hashemi, Roshan Cools, Lieneke Janssen, Guillaume Sescousse, Niels ter Huurne
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
Adult
Male
230 Affective Neuroscience
Stress-related disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 13]
Developmental psychology
03 medical and health sciences
0302 clinical medicine
Double-Blind Method
Reward
Dopamine receptor D2
Image Processing
Computer-Assisted
medicine
Humans
Pharmacology
Analysis of Variance
Motivation
Illusion of control
Ventral striatum
Dopaminergic
Cognition
Middle Aged
medicine.disease
Disorders of movement Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 3]
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Corpus Striatum
030227 psychiatry
Oxygen
Psychiatry and Mental health
medicine.anatomical_structure
Schizophrenia
Gambling
Original Article
Psychopharmacology
Sulpiride
Psychology
Neuroscience
170 000 Motivational & Cognitive Control
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Antipsychotic Agents
medicine.drug
Zdroj: Neuropsychopharmacology, 41, 10, pp. 2614-2623
Neuropsychopharmacology, 41, 2614-2623
ISSN: 0893-133X
DOI: 10.1038/npp.2016.43
Popis: Contains fulltext : 165874.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Near-misses in gambling games are losing events that come close to a win. Near-misses were previously shown to recruit reward-related brain regions including the ventral striatum, and to invigorate gambling behavior, supposedly by fostering an illusion of control. Given that pathological gamblers are particularly vulnerable to such cognitive illusions, their persistent gambling behavior might result from an amplified striatal sensitivity to near-misses. In addition, animal studies have shown that behavioral responses to near-miss-like events are sensitive to dopamine, but this dopaminergic influence has not been tested in humans. To investigate these hypotheses, we recruited 22 pathological gamblers and 22 healthy controls who played a slot machine task delivering wins, near-misses and full-misses, inside an fMRI scanner. Each participant played the task twice, once under placebo and once under a dopamine D2 receptor antagonist (sulpiride 400 mg), in a double-blind, counter-balanced design. Participants were asked about their motivation to continue gambling throughout the task. Across all participants, near-misses elicited higher motivation to continue gambling and increased striatal responses compared with full-misses. Crucially, pathological gamblers showed amplified striatal responses to near-misses compared with controls. These group differences were not observed following win outcomes. In contrast to our hypothesis, sulpiride did not induce any reliable modulation of brain responses to near-misses. Together, our results demonstrate that pathological gamblers have amplified brain responses to near-misses, which likely contribute to their persistent gambling behavior. However, there is no evidence that these responses are influenced by dopamine. These results have implications for treatment and gambling regulation. 10 p.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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