Study of efficacy of miltefosine and allopurinol in dogs with leishmaniosis
| Autor: | Francesco Vescio, Gianluca Neglia, Angelo Elio Gravino, Esther Picillo, Laura Manna, Fabrizio Vitale, Stefano Reale |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Manna, Laura, F., Vitale, S., Reale, E., Picillo, G., Neglia, F., Vescio, Gravino, ANGELO ELIO |
| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Opportunistic infection Phosphorylcholine Allopurinol Antiprotozoal Agents drug therapy/parasitology/prevention /&/ control/transmission Dogs Drug Therapy Gastroenterology Animal Disease Reservoir Dogs Recurrence Zoonoses Internal medicine pathogenicity Leishmaniasi medicine parasitology/veterinary Dog Disease Animals Humans Dog Diseases Leishmania infantum Adverse effect adverse effects/analogs /&/ derivatives/therapeutic use Recurrence Treatment Outcome Zoonoses Disease Reservoirs Visceral Miltefosine General Veterinary biology business.industry Leishmaniasis drug therapy/prevention /&/ control/transmission/veterinary Male Phosphorylcholine biology.organism_classification medicine.disease adverse effects/therapeutic use Animals Antiprotozoal Agent Disease Models Animal Treatment Outcome Immunology adverse effects/therapeutic use Disease Model Combination Female Humans Leishmania infantum Vomiting Leishmaniasis Visceral Drug Therapy Combination Female Animal Science and Zoology Lymph medicine.symptom business medicine.drug |
| Popis: | Visceral leishmaniosis is a life-threatening disease of medical, social and economic importance in endemic areas. It is an opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients, including human immunodeficiency virus-positive subjects. Dogs are the main reservoir of Leishmania infantum. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of miltefosine and allopurinol for the control of human leishmaniosis using the dog as a model. The study included 28 sick dogs treated with miltefosine (2 mg/kg/day PO) administered concurrently with allopurinol (10 mg/kg/day, PO) for 30 days, and then with allopurinol alone, at the same dosage, for 1 year. Eight dogs (four of which relapsed) received a second cycle of miltefosine within 6 months of the first cycle. Efficacy was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction assay on whole blood samples and lymph node aspirates, collected at baseline and every 3 months for 12 months. Of the total number of animals (28), two showed renal insufficiency and died after the start of therapy with miltefosine. Two other dogs presented some side effects to treatment, such as nausea, vomiting and reduction in white and red blood cell counts, and these animals were excluded from the follow-up. The results showed that the first cycle of therapy with miltefosine and allopurinol induced a drastic and progressive reduction of L. infantum load in lymph node aspirates but the second cycle did not eliminate the parasite. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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