Preexisting Executive Function Deficits and Change in Health Behaviors During the COVID-19 Pandemic
| Autor: | Glenn I. Roisman, Bradley M. Appelhans, Cathryn Booth-LaForce, Alexis S. Thomas, Maria E. Bleil |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Adolescent
Health Behavior 03 medical and health sciences Executive Function Young Adult 0302 clinical medicine medicine Humans 030212 general & internal medicine Longitudinal Studies Young adult Association (psychology) Socioeconomic status Pandemics Applied Psychology 030505 public health business.industry SARS-CoV-2 Brief Report COVID-19 medicine.disease Executive functions Obesity Health psychology Ordered logit 0305 other medical science business Positive Youth Development Clinical psychology Follow-Up Studies |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Behavioral Medicine |
| ISSN: | 1532-7558 1070-5503 |
| Popis: | Background Executive functions (EF) support engagement in goal-directed behaviors, including several health behaviors. Stressful and cognitively demanding events can disrupt EFs and interfere with health behavior, possibly to a greater extent in those with preexisting EF deficits. This study examined the association between preexisting EF deficits and subsequent negative changes in eating patterns, physical activity, sedentariness, and alcohol/substance use during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method Participants were 374 young adults in a follow-up study of the longitudinal, multisite Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (SECCYD). Preexisting EF deficits were assessed with the Barkley Deficits in Executive Function Scales-Short Form, and personally impactful negative changes in four health behaviors (physical activity, unhealthy eating, sedentary time, alcohol/substance use) during the COVID-19 pandemic were subsequently assessed with the Epidemic-Pandemic Impacts Inventory. Results In ordered logistic regression models, higher preexisting total EF deficits were associated with greater negative impactful changes in physical activity and unhealthy eating, independent of sociodemographic variables, obesity, and (as relevant) accelerometer-based physical activity and pre-COVID-19 diet quality. Socioeconomic status moderated the association between total EF deficits and impactful change in alcohol/substance use, with EF deficits linked to greater impactful change in alcohol/substance use only in higher socioeconomic strata. Conclusion Individuals with preexisting EF deficits appear more vulnerable to the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on several key health behaviors. As the pandemic unfolds, strategies may be needed to identify those with EF deficits (e.g., screening tools) and provide them with tailored support for chronic disease risk reduction. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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