Excitation of GABAergic Neurons in the Bed Nucleus of the Stria Terminalis Triggers Immediate Transition from Non-Rapid Eye Movement Sleep to Wakefulness in Mice
| Autor: | Shota Kodani, Shingo Soya, Takeshi Sakurai |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Male
0301 basic medicine medicine.medical_specialty Lateral hypothalamus Action Potentials Mice Transgenic Non-rapid eye movement sleep Mice 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Extended amygdala Internal medicine mental disorders medicine Animals GABAergic Neurons Wakefulness Research Articles Behavior Animal General Neuroscience Orexin receptor Orexin Mice Inbred C57BL Stria terminalis 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology nervous system Septal Nuclei Sleep Stages Nerve Net Sleep onset Arousal Psychology Neuroscience psychological phenomena and processes 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | The Journal of Neuroscience. 37:7164-7176 |
| ISSN: | 1529-2401 0270-6474 |
| DOI: | 10.1523/jneurosci.0245-17.2017 |
| Popis: | Emotionally salient situations usually trigger arousal along with autonomic and neuroendocrine reactions. To determine whether the extended amygdala plays a role in sleep–wakefulness regulation, we examined the effects of optogenetic and pharmacogenetic excitation of GABAergic neurons in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (GABA(BNST) neurons). Acute optogenetic excitation of these cells during nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep resulted in an immediate state transition to wakefulness, whereas stimulation during REM sleep showed no effect on sleep–wakefulness states in male mice. An anterograde tracing study suggested GABA(BNST) neurons send axonal projections to several brain regions implicated in arousal, including the preoptic area, lateral hypothalamus, periaqueductal gray, deep mesencephalic nucleus, and parabrachial nucleus. A dual orexin receptor antagonist, DORA-22, did not affect the optogenetic transition from NREM sleep to wakefulness. Chemogenetic excitation of GABA(BNST) neurons evoked a sustained wakefulness state, but this arousal effect was markedly attenuated by DORA-22. These observations suggest that GABA(BNST) neurons play an important role in transition from NREM sleep to wakefulness without the function of orexin neurons, but prolonged excitation of these cells mobilizes the orexin system to sustain wakefulness. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT We examined the role of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) in the regulation of wakefulness. Optogenetic excitation of GABAergic neurons in the BNST (GABA(BNST) neurons) during nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep in mice resulted in immediate transition to a wakefulness state without function of orexins. Prolonged excitation of GABA(BNST) neurons by a chemogenetic method evoked a longer-lasting, sustained wakefulness state, which was abolished by preadministration of a dual orexin receptor antagonist, DORA-22. This study revealed a role of the BNST GABAergic system in sleep–wakefulness control, especially in shifting animals' behavioral states from NREM sleep to wakefulness, and provides an important insight into the pathophysiology of insomnia and the role of orexin in arousal regulation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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