Neuroendocrine markers of high risk for psychosis: salivary testosterone in adolescent boys with prodromal symptoms
| Autor: | Mirjam Sprong, H. van Engeland, S. van Rijn, Patricia F. Schothorst, Tim Ziermans, Hanna Swaab, L.M.J. de Sonneville, André Aleman |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Interdisciplinary Centre Psychopathology and Emotion regulation (ICPE) |
| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Psychosis SEX-DIFFERENCES Adolescent PITUITARY-GONADAL AXIS Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay high risk STEROID-HORMONES NEGATIVE SYMPTOMS Pubertal stage Risk Factors Internal medicine medicine Humans REPRODUCTIVE HORMONES GENDER-DIFFERENCE SCHIZOPHRENIC-PATIENTS BRAIN Child Saliva Applied Psychology Psychiatric Status Rating Scales Analysis of Variance Estradiol hormones Pituitary gonadal axis Testosterone (patch) medicine.disease Neurosecretory Systems Adolescence schizophrenia Psychiatry and Mental health Endocrinology Psychotic Disorders SERUM TESTOSTERONE Schizophrenia testosterone Age of onset Psychology Biomarkers FUTURE-DIRECTIONS Psychopathology Hormone |
| Zdroj: | Psychological Medicine, 41(9), 1815-1822. Cambridge University Press |
| ISSN: | 1469-8978 0033-2917 |
| Popis: | BackgroundThe peak in age of onset of psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia during puberty and early adulthood suggests a relationship between the expression of psychopathology and the changes in the brain and body that take place during this dynamic maturational period, including a dramatic increase in circulating oestrogens and androgens. This study examined levels of salivary testosterone and oestradiol in adolescents with prepsychotic, prodromal symptoms, as this may mediate risk for psychosis by having an impact on brain development.MethodIn 21 male adolescents with prodromal symptoms and 21 male non-clinical controls levels of testosterone and oestradiol were measured in saliva. Tanner pubertal stage and prodromal symptoms were also assessed.ResultsLevels of testosterone were significantly lower in adolescents with prodromal symptoms as compared with non-clinical controls. No group differences in oestradiol were found. In the total sample, level of testosterone was significantly correlated with age and Tanner pubertal stage.ConclusionsOur observations are in line with current hypotheses stressing the role of neuroendocrine factors during adolescence in the expression of psychotic symptoms. From a developmental perspective, susceptibility to psychotic disorders increases during adolescence. Our data suggest that testosterone might, in part, mediate this increased vulnerability. Further research is needed to assess the mediating, neural, mechanisms through which testosterone may have an impact on the development of psychotic symptoms. In the search for early risk markers for psychosis, studying neuroendocrine factors might increase our understanding of ‘at-risk’ developmental pathways. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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