Secretions from placenta, after hypoxia/reoxygenation, can damage developing neurones of brain under experimental conditions
| Autor: | Robert Keehan, Roberta Goodall, Oliver Beaumont, Akihiro Nishiguchi, Lizeth Lacharme-Lora, Michele Giugliano, Michiya Matsusaki, Christopher Coyle, Hiroyoshi Y. Tanaka, Tracey Masters, Nicki Cohen, Jon Hanley, Veronica H.L. Leinster, C. Patrick Case, Andrew D. Randall, Kristian Aquilina, Ian L. Sargent, Katja Simon, Nagaraj D. Halemani, Jennifer McGarvey, William Ind, Helena Kemp, Simon Grant, Emma Scull-Brown, Sharan Athwal, Aman Sood, Daniel J Curtis, Mitsuru Akashi, Rocco A Barone, Jon D. Lane, Thomas E. Phillips, Gavin Collett, Mitsunobu R. Kano, Leila Cornes, Xun Liu, Marianne Thoresen, Dionne Tannetta |
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| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Placenta
Dendrite Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologia Membrane Potentials Tissue Culture Techniques 0302 clinical medicine Pregnancy Hypoxia Cells Cultured Parvalbumin Cerebral Cortex Neurons 0303 health sciences GABAA receptor Glutamate receptor Cerebral cortex Development Neurodevelopmental disorder Neurone Reoxygenation Schizophrenia Brain Cell Hypoxia medicine.anatomical_structure Neurology embryonic structures Female medicine.symptom medicine.medical_specialty Biology 03 medical and health sciences Fetus Developmental Neuroscience Internal medicine Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein medicine Animals Humans Rats Wistar 030304 developmental biology Cytotrophoblast Dose-Response Relationship Drug Dendrites Hypoxia (medical) Embryo Mammalian Rats Oxygen Endocrinology Animals Newborn Culture Media Conditioned Human medicine Reactive Oxygen Species 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Immunostaining |
| Zdroj: | Experimental neurology |
| ISSN: | 0014-4886 |
| Popis: | Some psychiatric diseases in children and young adults are thought to originate from adverse exposures during fetal life, including hypoxia and hypoxia/reoxygenation. The mechanism is not understood. Several authors have emphasised that the placenta is likely to play an important role as the key interface between mother and fetus. Here we have explored whether a first trimester human placenta or model barrier of primary human cytototrophoblasts might secrete factors, in response to hypoxia or hypoxia/reoxygenation, that could damage neurones. We find that the secretions in conditioned media caused an increase of [Ca2 +]i and mitochondrial free radicals and a decrease of dendritic lengths, branching complexity, spine density and synaptic activity in dissociated neurones from embryonic rat cerebral cortex. There was altered staining of glutamate and GABA receptors. We identify glutamate as an active factor within the conditioned media and demonstrate a specific release of glutamate from the placenta/cytotrophoblast barriers in vitro after hypoxia or hypoxia/reoxygenation. Injection of conditioned media into developing brains of P4 rats reduced the numerical density of parvalbumin-containing neurones in cortex, hippocampus and reticular nucleus, reduced immunostaining of glutamate receptors and altered cellular turnover. These results show that the placenta is able to release factors, in response to altered oxygen, that can damage developing neurones under experimental conditions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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