Molecules from the Microbiome
| Autor: | Jason M. Crawford, Emilee E. Shine |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Metabolite Computational biology Biology 01 natural sciences Biochemistry Genome 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Humans Microbiome Receptor Natural product 010405 organic chemistry Microbiota Chemical signaling Human microbiome Small molecule Gastrointestinal Microbiome 0104 chemical sciences Phenotype 030104 developmental biology chemistry Polyketides Metagenomics Peptides |
| Zdroj: | Annual Review of Biochemistry. 90:789-815 |
| ISSN: | 1545-4509 0066-4154 |
| DOI: | 10.1146/annurev-biochem-080320-115307 |
| Popis: | The human microbiome encodes a second genome that dwarfs the genetic capacity of the host. Microbiota-derived small molecules can directly target human cells and their receptors or indirectly modulate host responses through functional interactions with other microbes in their ecological niche. Their biochemical complexity has profound implications for nutrition, immune system development, disease progression, and drug metabolism, as well as the variation in these processes that exists between individuals. While the species composition of the human microbiome has been deeply explored, detailed mechanistic studies linking specific microbial molecules to host phenotypes are still nascent. In this review, we discuss challenges in decoding these interaction networks, which require interdisciplinary approaches that combine chemical biology, microbiology, immunology, genetics, analytical chemistry, bioinformatics, and synthetic biology. We highlight important classes of microbiota-derived small molecules and notable examples. An understanding of these molecular mechanisms is central to realizing the potential of precision microbiome editing in health, disease, and therapeutic responses. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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