A human volunteer challenge model using frozen bacteria of the new epidemic serotype, V. cholerae O139 in Thai volunteers
| Autor: | Sornchai Looareesuwan, Gilbert M. Schiff, Benjaluck Phonrat, Bernard Ivanoff, Punnee Pitisuttithum, Varunee Desakorn, Valai Bussaratid, Mitchell B. Cohen, Dennis Lang, Weerapong Phumratanaprapin, Pratap Singhasivanon, Usanee Suthisarnsuntorn |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2001 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Serotype Veterinary medicine Tetracycline Attack rate Colony Count Microbial Models Biological Disease Outbreaks Feces Cholera Freezing medicine Humans Serotyping Vibrio cholerae Volunteer General Veterinary General Immunology and Microbiology business.industry Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Cholera Vaccines Thailand medicine.disease Antibodies Bacterial Diarrhea Infectious Diseases Immunology Molecular Medicine Female Antitoxin medicine.symptom Cholera vaccine business medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Vaccine. 20:920-925 |
| ISSN: | 0264-410X |
| Popis: | A total of 35 volunteers were recruited for an IRB-approved inpatient dose-escalation challenge. The goal was to identify a dose that produced an observed cholera attack rate ≥80% and an illness of sufficient severity during the defined study period such that the model would be useful for determining vaccine protection. Volunteers were challenged in groups of 5 with V. cholerae O139 that had been reconstituted immediately before use. Only 2 out of 5 volunteers who received the lowest dose (4.3×10 4 cfu) had diarrhea. As the inoculum size increased, the attack rate of diarrhea increased to 3–4 of 5 volunteers. At the highest dose tested, approximately 5×10 7 cfu, the attack rate was 73%. We recommend the use of frozen V. Cholera O139 in a human experimental challenge model to assess cholera vaccine efficacy (VE) in a cholera endemic area but with 4 days observation period before initiation of tetracycline to allow assessment of severity. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full Text from ScienceDirect