The giraffe kidney tolerates high arterial blood pressure by high renal interstitial pressure and low glomerular filtration rate
| Autor: | Tobias Wang, Niels Marcussen, E Brøndum, John Michael Hasenkam, Kristine Hovkjær Østergaard, Jonas Amstrup Funder, Carsten Grøndahl, Mads F. Bertelsen, Geoffrey P. Candy, Carl Christian Danielsen, Morten Smerup, Mads Damkjaer, Ulrik Baandrup, Arne Hørlyck, Michael Pedersen, Christian Aalkjaer, Peter Agger, Peter Bie |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Physiology Hydrostatic pressure Urology Renal function Giraffes PAH clearance Kidney urologic and male genital diseases Internal medicine medicine Animals media_common.cataloged_instance Arterial Pressure media_common Chemistry Hemodynamics Effective renal plasma flow Filtration fraction medicine.anatomical_structure Endocrinology Renal blood flow Female Giraffa camelopardalis Glomerular Filtration Rate |
| Zdroj: | Damkjær, M, Wang, T, Brøndum, E, Østergaard, K H, Baandrup, U, Hørlyck, A, Hasenkam, J M, Smerup, M H, Funder, J, Marcussen, N, Danielsen, C C, Bertelsen, M F, Grøndahl, C, Pedersen, M, Agger, P, Candy, G, Aalkjær, C & Bie, P 2015, ' The giraffe kidney tolerates high arterial blood pressure by high renal interstitial pressure and low glomerular filtration rate ', Acta Physiologica, vol. 214, no. 4, pp. 497-510 . https://doi.org/10.1111/apha.12531 Damkjaer, M, Wang, T, Brøndum, E, Østergaard, K H, Baandrup, U, Hørlyck, A, Hasenkam, J M, Smerup, M, Funder, J, Marcussen, N, Danielsen, C C, Bertelsen, M F, Grøndahl, C, Pedersen, M, Agger, P, Candy, G, Aalkjaer, C & Bie, P 2015, ' The giraffe kidney tolerates high arterial blood pressure by high renal interstitial pressure and low glomerular filtration rate ', Acta Physiologica , vol. 214, no. 4, pp. 497–510 . https://doi.org/10.1111/apha.12531 , vol. 214, no. 4, pp. 497-510 . https://doi.org/10.1111/apha.12531 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/apha.12531 |
| Popis: | BACKGROUND: The tallest animal on Earth, the giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) is endowed with a mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) twice that of other mammals. The kidneys reside at heart level and show no sign of hypertension related damage. We hypothesized that a species-specific evolutionary adaption in the giraffe kidney allows normal for size renal hemodynamics and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) despite a MAP double that of other mammals.METHODS: Fourteen anaesthetized giraffes were instrumented with vascular and bladder catheters to measure glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and effective renal plasma flow (ERPF). Renal interstitial hydrostatic pressure (RIHP) was assessed by inserting a needle into the medullary parenchyma. Doppler ultrasound measurements provided renal artery resistive index (RI). Hormone concentrations as well as biomechanical, structural, and histological characteristics of vascular and renal tissues were determined.RESULTS: GFR averaged 342±99 ml min(-1) and ERPF 1252±305 ml min(-1) . RIHP varied between 45 and 140 mmHg. Renal pelvic pressure was 39±2 mmHg and renal venous pressure 32±4 mmHg. A valve-like structure at the junction of the renal and vena cava generated a pressure drop of 12±2 mmHg. RI was 0.27. The renal capsule was durable with a calculated burst pressure of 600 mmHg. Plasma renin and AngII were 2.6±0.5 mIU/l and 9.1±1.5 pg/ml, respectively.CONCLUSION: In giraffes, GFR, ERPF and RI appear much lower than expected based on body mass. A strong renal capsule supports a RIHP which is >10-fold that of other mammals effectively reducing the net filtration pressure and protecting against the high MAP. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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