NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery in Young and Older Adults: Reliability and Relationship to Adiposity and Physical Activity
| Autor: | Chu-Ling Yen, Keith R. Cole, Richard K. Shields, Shauna Dudley-Javoroski |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Intraclass correlation NIH Toolbox Neuropsychological Tests Article Body Mass Index 03 medical and health sciences Executive Function Young Adult 0302 clinical medicine Cognition Humans Attention 030212 general & internal medicine Cognitive decline Exercise Adiposity Aged Working memory Rehabilitation Age Factors Reproducibility of Results Stepwise regression United States Cognitive test National Institutes of Health (U.S.) Female Self Report Geriatrics and Gerontology Psychology Body mass index 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | J Geriatr Phys Ther |
| ISSN: | 2152-0895 |
| Popis: | BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Executive function in normal aging may be modulated by body habitus and adiposity, both factors modified by physical therapist prescriptions. This study measured between-day reliability of executive function metrics in young and older individuals and examined associations between cognition, adiposity, and physical activity. METHODS Forty-three young and 24 older participants underwent executive function assessment via the National Institutes of Health Toolbox Cognition Battery (Dimensional Change Card Sort, Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention [Flanker], and List Sorting Working Memory [List Sorting]) at 7-day intervals. Between-day reliability was assessed via intraclass correlation (ICC). Responsiveness was assessed via between-day effect size and Cohen's d. Forward stepwise linear regression examined associations between cognition and age, body mass index, percent body fat, and a self-report measure of physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form). RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Executive function scores were higher for young participants than for older participants (all P < .002), consistent with typical age-related cognitive decline. Reliability of cognitive metrics was higher for older participants (ICC = 0.483-0.917) than for young participants (ICC = 0.386-0.730). Between-day effect sizes were approximately 50% smaller for older participants. Percent body fat significantly correlated with the Flanker Unadjusted Scale (P = .004, R2 = 0.0772). Neither vigorous nor total physical activity correlated with any cognitive metric. CONCLUSIONS Older participants demonstrated greater between-day reliability for executive function measures, while young participants showed greater capacity to improve performance upon repeat exposure to a cognitive test (especially Flanker). Percent body fat correlated significantly with Flanker scores, while body mass index (an indirect measure of body fat) did not. Self-reported physical activity did not correlate with executive function. Cognitive response to physical therapist-prescribed exercise is a fertile ground for future research. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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