Trajectories in cigarette dependence as a function of anxiety: A multilevel analysis
| Autor: | Chiara S. Haller, Jean-François Etter, Delphine S. Courvoisier |
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| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Change over time medicine.medical_treatment media_common.quotation_subject Anxiety Toxicology Smoking behavior Recurrence Surveys and Questionnaires medicine Humans Pharmacology (medical) Prospective Studies Cigarette Dependence ddc:613 media_common Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ddc:616 Pharmacology Psychological Tests business.industry Smoking Multilevel model Prospective Psychiatry and Mental health Feeling Smoking cessation Female Smoking Cessation Smoking status medicine.symptom business Demography Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | Drug and Alcohol Dependence, Vol. 139 (2014) pp. 115-120 Drug and alcohol dependence |
| ISSN: | 0376-8716 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.03.016 |
| Popis: | BACKGROUND: We assessed the association of anxiety with cigarette dependence over time, depending on smoking status (daily, occasional or ex-smoker); and the association of anxiety with (a) smoking cessation, (b) reduction, and (c) relapse. METHODS: A prospective Internet survey of 1967 ever smokers was assessed three times at 2 weeks interval, in 2007-2010. Cigarette dependence was assessed using the cigarette dependence scale. Predictors included time, smoking status (daily, occasional or ex-smoker) and anxiety. All measures were assessed at each time point. RESULTS: Dependence decreased over time (slope=-0.21, p |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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