Bacterial diversity in oral samples of children in niger with acute noma, acute necrotizing gingivitis, and healthy controls

Autor: Denise Baratti-Mayer, Jacques Schrenzel, Ignacio Bolivar, Andrea Mombelli, Didier Pittet, Katrine Whiteson, Yann Gizard, Benoît Stadelmann
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2012
Předmět:
Male
Pathology
RC955-962
ved/biology.organism_classification_rank.species
Noma
Disease
Medical and Health Sciences
Gingivitis
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
RNA
Ribosomal
16S
Cluster Analysis
Niger
Child
Gingivitis/microbiology
Phylogeny
ddc:616
RNA
Ribosomal
16S/genetics
biology
ddc:617
Prevotella intermedia
Biological Sciences
Disfigurement
Biota
ddc:617.6
DNA
Ribosomal/chemistry/genetics
Infectious Diseases
Child
Preschool
Medicine
Female
Mouth/microbiology
Public aspects of medicine
RA1-1270
medicine.symptom
Research Article
DNA
Bacterial
medicine.medical_specialty
Oral Medicine
Molecular Sequence Data
Bacteria/classification/genetics
DNA
Ribosomal
DNA
Bacterial/chemistry/genetics
Fusobacterium necrophorum
Tropical Medicine
medicine
Geneva Study Group on Noma
Humans
Clinical Genetics
Mouth
Bacteria
ved/biology
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
Fusobacteria
Sequence Analysis
DNA
biology.organism_classification
medicine.disease
Dermatology
Noma/microbiology
Etiology
Clinical Immunology
Zdroj: PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol. 6, No 3 (2012) P. e1556
Bolivar, Ignacio; Whiteson, Katrine; Stadelmann, Benoît; Baratti-Mayer, Denise; Gizard, Yann; Mombelli, Andrea; et al.(2012). Bacterial diversity in oral samples of children in niger with acute noma, acute necrotizing gingivitis, and healthy controls.. PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 6(3), e1556. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001556. UC Irvine: Retrieved from: http://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/8zn636q8
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 6, Iss 3, p e1556 (2012)
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
ISSN: 1935-2727
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001556.
Popis: Background Noma is a gangrenous disease that leads to severe disfigurement of the face with high morbidity and mortality, but its etiology remains unknown. Young children in developing countries are almost exclusively affected. The purpose of the study was to record and compare bacterial diversity in oral samples from children with or without acute noma or acute necrotizing gingivitis from a defined geographical region in Niger by culture-independent molecular methods. Methods and Principal Findings Gingival samples from 23 healthy children, nine children with acute necrotizing gingivitis, and 23 children with acute noma (both healthy and diseased oral sites) were amplified using “universal” PCR primers for the 16 S rRNA gene and pooled according to category (noma, healthy, or acute necrotizing gingivitis), gender, and site status (diseased or control site). Seven libraries were generated. A total of 1237 partial 16 S rRNA sequences representing 339 bacterial species or phylotypes at a 98–99% identity level were obtained. Analysis of bacterial composition and frequency showed that diseased (noma or acute necrotizing gingivitis) and healthy site bacterial communities are composed of similar bacteria, but differ in the prevalence of a limited group of phylotypes. Large increases in counts of Prevotella intermedia and members of the Peptostreptococcus genus are associated with disease. In contrast, no clear-cut differences were found between noma and non-noma libraries. Conclusions Similarities between acute necrotizing gingivitis and noma samples support the hypothesis that the disease could evolve from acute necrotizing gingivitis in certain children for reasons still to be elucidated. This study revealed oral microbiological patterns associated with noma and acute necrotizing gingivitis, but no evidence was found for a specific infection-triggering agent.
Author Summary Noma is a devastating gangrenous disease that leads to severe facial disfigurement, but its cause remains unknown. It is associated with high morbidity and mortality and affects almost exclusively young children living in remote areas of developing countries, particularly in Africa. Several factors have been linked to the disease, including malnutrition, immune dysfunction, lack of oral hygiene, and lesions of the mucosal gingival barrier, particularly the presence of acute necrotizing gingivitis, and a potentially non-identified bacterial factor acting as a trigger for the disease. This study assessed the total bacterial diversity present in 69 oral samples of 55 children in Niger with or without acute noma or acute necrotizing gingivitis using culture-independent molecular methods. Analysis of bacterial composition and frequency showed that diseased and healthy site bacterial communities are composed of similar bacteria, but differ in the prevalence of a limited group of phylotypes. We failed to identify a causative infectious agent for noma or acute necrotizing gingivitis as the most plausible pathogens for both conditions were present also in sizeable numbers in healthy subjects. Most likely, the disease is initiated by a synergistic combination of several bacterial species, and not a single agent.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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