Removal of Trace Organic Contaminants by Parallel Operation of Reverse Osmosis and Granular Activated Carbon for Drinking Water Treatment
| Autor: | Ibrahim M. A. ElSherbiny, Jan Gerrit Kuhlen, Hans-Peter Rohns, Frank Sacher, Stefan Kamphausen, Christoph Wagner, Timo Binder, Uwe Fischer, Stefan Panglisch, Birgitt Schmitt, Ralph Hobby, Uwe Müller, Peter Janknecht, Norbert Konradt, Vera Schumacher |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
activated carbon filtration
Filtration and Separation trace organic contaminants 02 engineering and technology lcsh:Chemical technology Desalination Article law.invention Maschinenbau 020401 chemical engineering law Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous) lcsh:TP1-1185 0204 chemical engineering lcsh:Chemical engineering Fakultät für Ingenieurwissenschaften » Maschinenbau und Verfahrenstechnik Reverse osmosis Filtration low-pressure reverse osmosis Chemistry membrane fouling Process Chemistry and Technology Membrane fouling lcsh:TP155-156 Permeation Contamination 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology Pulp and paper industry drinking water treatment Membrane Water treatment ddc:620 0210 nano-technology |
| Zdroj: | Membranes, Vol 11, Iss 33, p 33 (2021) Membranes Volume 11 Issue 1 |
| ISSN: | 2077-0375 |
| Popis: | In response to increasingly stringent restrictions for drinking water quality, a parallel operation of two common technologies, low-pressure reverse osmosis (LPRO) and activated carbon filtration (ACF), was investigated in a comprehensive five-month pilot study for the removal of 32 typical trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) from Rhine bank filtrates employing a semi- technical plant. TrOCs have been divided into three groups: polyfluorinated aliphatic compounds pharmaceuticals, pesticides and metabolites in addition to volatiles, nitrosamines and aminopolycarboxylic acids, which were also examined. The net pressure behavior, normalized salt passage and rejection of TrOCs by LPRO were investigated and compared with ACF operation. In addition, autopsies from the leading and last membrane modules were performed using adenosine triphosphate (ATP), total organic carbon (TOC), ICP-OES and SEM-EDX techniques. Generally, rather stable LPRO membrane performance with limited membrane fouling was observed. TrOCs with a molecular weight of &ge 150 Da were completely retained by LPRO, while the rejection of di- and trichloro compounds improved as the filtration progressed. ACF also showed significant removal for most of the TrOCs, but without desalination. Accordingly, the ACF and LPRO can be operated in parallel such that the LPRO permeate and the ACF-treated bypass can be mixed to produce drinking water with adjustable hardness and significantly reduced TrOCs. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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