Incidence des conditions d'application sur l'efficacité des fongicides utilisés en post-récolte pour la banane
| Autor: | Sophie Malisart, Jacques Joas |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2001 |
| Předmět: |
Horticulture
Colletotrichum musae Méthode de lutte chemistry.chemical_compound Banane Désinfection Colletotrichum medicine Contrôle de performance Méthode d'application H20 - Maladies des plantes Mathematics Canker Lutte antiparasite en entreposage biology Alum Musa Pesticide biology.organism_classification medicine.disease J11 - Manutention transport stockage et conservation des produits d'origine végétale Fungicide Maladie postrécolte chemistry Fongicide Postharvest Agronomy and Crop Science Martinique Food Science |
| Zdroj: | Fruits |
| ISSN: | 1625-967X 0248-1294 |
| DOI: | 10.1051/fruits:2001101 |
| Popis: | Effect of the application techniques on the effectiveness of the fungicides used in the banana postharvest. Abstract — Introduction. Disease control of bananas, necessary for ensuring the postharvest quality of the marketed product, depends very much on the techniques used for the fungicide appli- cation. A survey carried out in situ in Martinique underlined that fungicide application times and techniques were variable. Then, various techniques were tested to define the best operating con- ditions. Materials and methods. Several factors which, at the shed stage, can influence the effec- tiveness of the postharvest fungicide applications were studied: the use or not of alum, the appli- cation time, the nozzle type and flow, and the spraying angle. The treatments were carried out on fruits after inoculation with Colletotrichum musae on fruit injuries and crowns. The fruits were then preserved for 8 d at 14 °C, and put in maturation according to industrial simulation (24 h; 1 L eth- ylene 〈 m-3 ) before being stored for 5 d at 22 °C. The necrose surface or the stalk deterioration was then measured. Results and discussion. The alum added to the thiabendazole decreased the effectiveness of this fungicide when it was used alone. The spraying time affected the performance of the fungicides, an application of 30 s being the desirable minimum. The combination of the imazalyl with the thiabendazole or the bitertanol had a favorable effect on controlling the canker in the crown decay. The comparison of the flows tested showed that a flow of a nozzle of about 0,4 L 〈 min-1 , applied for 30 s, guaranteed the effective passage of the fungicide solution between the fruits and the banana hands. The size of the drops (thin or wide droplets) intervened little when the sprayed volume and the contact time were respected (5 L per tray for 30 s). The fungicide effec- tiveness was improved by using a "bottomless" tubular tray, using a spray over and under the fruits. Conclusion. The true action of fungicides is directly related to a quality of application which inte- grates the nozzle time and flow. The recommendations given, dependent on severe experimental inoculation, are probably over-estimated; they can however be used as a reference in situations where the parasite pressure is very high. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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