Dynamics of food sources, ecotypic distribution and Trypanosoma cruzi infection in Triatoma brasiliensis from the northeast of Brazil

Autor: Elaine Folly-Ramos, Cleanne Limeira, Carlos Eduardo Almeida, Jackeline Monsalve-Lara, Jane Costa, Carolina Reigada, Fernanda von Hertwig Mascarenhas Fontes, Maurício Lilioso, Dayane Pires-Silva, Myriam Harry
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Disease reservoir
Physiology
RC955-962
Disease Vectors
0302 clinical medicine
Medical Conditions
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine
Medicine and Health Sciences
Triatoma
Protozoans
Mammals
biology
Ecology
Cytochrome b
Goats
Kerodon
Eukaryota
Cytochromes b
Body Fluids
Habitats
Insects
Blood
Infectious Diseases
Vertebrates
Public aspects of medicine
RA1-1270
Anatomy
Brazil
Research Article
Neglected Tropical Diseases
Chagas disease
Trypanosoma
Arthropoda
Trypanosoma cruzi
030231 tropical medicine
Zoology
Rodentia
Rodents
03 medical and health sciences
parasitic diseases
medicine
Parasitic Diseases
Animals
Chagas Disease
Disease Reservoirs
Ecotype
Protozoan Infections
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
Organisms
Biology and Life Sciences
Feeding Behavior
Blood meal
biology.organism_classification
medicine.disease
Tropical Diseases
Invertebrates
Triatoma brasiliensis
Parasitic Protozoans
Insect Vectors
Species Interactions
030104 developmental biology
Amniotes
Cats
Entomology
Zdroj: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 14, Iss 9, p e0008735 (2020)
ISSN: 1935-2735
1935-2727
Popis: Innovative approaches used to combat Chagas disease transmission tend to combine a set of comprehensive efforts to understand the ecology of local vectors. In this work we identified molecularly the blood meal of 181 Triatoma brasiliensis, distributed in 18 populations (8 sylvatic and 10 peridomestic), which were collected across a range of 240 km (East-West) and 95 km (North-South) in the semi-arid region of northeastern, Brazil. We used the vertebrate mitochondrial gene (cytochrome B) sequencing applied to DNA isolated from bug midgut to identify the insect blood meal sources via the BLAST procedure. The peridomestic populations were classified according to two main hypotheses of site-occupancy for T. brasiliensis: the first says that the infestation is mainly driven by structures that resemble its natural habitat (stony-like ecotopes) and the second assumes that it is associated with key-hosts (rodents and goats). Rodents of the Caviidae family (Galea spixii and Kerodon rupestris) were identified as the key-host of T. brasiliensis, but also the potential Trypanosoma cruzi reservoir–able to connect the sylvatic and domestic T. cruzi cycle. Cats also deserve to be studied better, as potential T. cruzi reservoirs. By modeling the food sources + site-occupancy + T. cruzi natural infection, we identified man-made ecotopes suitable for forming dense triatomine infestations with high rates of T. cruzi natural infection, which may be taken into account for vector control measures.
Author summary Blood-sucking bugs are vectors of the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which causes the Chagas disease. Triatoma brasiliensis is the main Chagas disease vector in the Caatinga eco-region of northeastern Brazil. Previous studies have already indicated that this species is associated with rodents of the Caviidae family–mainly in the sylvatic environment. In this study, we showed that these rodents are the main food sources of T. brasiliensis also in peridomestic environments. This association is frequently followed by numerous populations of T. cruzi infected insects in man-made ecotopes to store materials of mineral and wood origin. We suggest that the key-host that drives these infestations are mainly Galea spixii, followed by Kerodon rupestris (both Rodentia: Caviidae), which seem to be in synanthropic processes because they were found as frequent blood meals for T. brasiliensis in the sylvatic and domestic environments. Other mammals–mainly cats–may play an important role in Chagas disease eco-epidemiology for also being an important source of food for triatomines in the sylvatic and peridomestic environments. We conclude that educational programs to avoid Chagas disease transmission should include advising local people to avoid storing wood and tiles/bricks in the peridomestic environment–shelters for key-host rodents. Besides, they must be aware that these cavies may be infected by T. cruzi; and cautions are needed if they are to be used as a source of protein by hunting.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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