Exogenous Players in Mitochondria-Related CNS Disorders: Viral Pathogens and Unbalanced Microbiota in the Gut-Brain Axis
| Autor: | Irene Righetto, Matteo Gasparotto, Laura Casalino, Marcella Vacca, Francesco Filippini |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2023 |
| Předmět: |
Long COVID
gut microbiota SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus COVID-19 Spike Influenza A neurotropic virus Biochemistry Neuropilin hemagglutinin neurological disorder neurotropic virus Influenza A SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus COVID-19 Long COVID gut microbiota Spike Neuropilin hemagglutinin cognitive function neurological disorder Molecular Biology cognitive function |
| Popis: | Billions of years of co-evolution has made mitochondria central to the eukaryotic cell and organism life playing the role of cellular power plants, as indeed they are involved in most, if not all, important regulatory pathways. Neurological disorders depending on impaired mitochondrial function or homeostasis can be caused by the misregulation of “endogenous players”, such as nuclear or cytoplasmic regulators, which have been treated elsewhere. In this review, we focus on how exogenous agents, i.e., viral pathogens, or unbalanced microbiota in the gut-brain axis can also endanger mitochondrial dynamics in the central nervous system (CNS). Neurotropic viruses such as Herpes, Rabies, West-Nile, and Polioviruses seem to hijack neuronal transport networks, commandeering the proteins that mitochondria typically use to move along neurites. However, several neurological complications are also associated to infections by pandemic viruses, such as Influenza A virus and SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, representing a relevant risk associated to seasonal flu, coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) and “Long-COVID”. Emerging evidence is depicting the gut microbiota as a source of signals, transmitted via sensory neurons innervating the gut, able to influence brain structure and function, including cognitive functions. Therefore, the direct connection between intestinal microbiota and mitochondrial functions might concur with the onset, progression, and severity of CNS diseases. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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