Preventive Effects of Continuous Betaine Intake on Cognitive Impairment and Aberrant Gene Expression in Hippocampus of 3xTg Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease
| Autor: | Toshihiro Ando, Masayuki Hiramatsu, Kazuki Hirashima, Sari Kondo, Mirai Yamamoto, Yuya Kojima, Kahori Sumiya, Daisuke Ibi |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Male medicine.medical_specialty Hyperphosphorylation Hippocampus Gene Expression Mice Transgenic Hippocampal formation medicine.disease_cause Synapse 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Mice 0302 clinical medicine Betaine Cognition Gastrointestinal Agents Alzheimer Disease Internal medicine Gene expression medicine Animals Cognitive Dysfunction Maze Learning Amyloid beta-Peptides business.industry Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction General Neuroscience General Medicine Pathophysiology Mice Inbred C57BL Psychiatry and Mental health Clinical Psychology Disease Models Animal Oxidative Stress 030104 developmental biology Endocrinology chemistry Synapses Geriatrics and Gerontology business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Oxidative stress |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD. 79(2) |
| ISSN: | 1875-8908 |
| Popis: | Background: The deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylation of tau are well-known as the pathophysiological features of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), leading to oxidative stress and synaptic deficits followed by cognitive symptoms. We already demonstrated that betaine (glycine betaine) prevented cognitive impairment and hippocampal oxidative stress in mice intracerebroventricularly injected with an active fragment of Aβ, whereas the effect of betaine in chronic models of AD remains unknown. Objective: Our objective was to investigate the effects of chronic betaine intake on cognitive impairment and aberrant expression of genes involved in synapse and antioxidant activity in the hippocampus of a genetic AD model. Methods: We performed cognitive tests and RT-PCR in the hippocampus in 3xTg mice, a genetic AD model. Results: Cognitive impairment in the Y-maze and novel object recognition tests became evident in 3xTg mice at 9 months old, and not earlier, indicating that cognitive impairment in 3xTg mice developed age-dependently. To examine the preventive effect of betaine on such cognitive impairment, 3xTg mice were fed betaine-containing water for 3 months from 6 to 9 months old, and subsequently subjected to behavioral tests, in which betaine intake prevented the development of cognitive impairment in 3xTg mice. Additionally, the expression levels of genes involved in synapse and antioxidant activity were downregulated in hippocampus of 3xTg mice at 9 months old compared with age-matched wild-type mice, which were suppressed by betaine intake. Conclusion: Betaine may be applicable as an agent preventing the progression of AD by improving the synaptic structure/function and/or antioxidant activity. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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