Preservation of cell-based immunotherapies for clinical trials
| Autor: | David H. McKenna, Rui Li, Allison Hubel, Guanglin Yu, Rachel M. Gibbons Johnson |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Cancer Research Cell type Immunology Cell Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy Cryopreservation Article Cell therapy 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Cryoprotective Agent medicine Immunology and Allergy Cytotoxic T cell Humans Viability assay Genetics (clinical) Transplantation Clinical Trials as Topic Chemistry Cell Biology Dendritic Cells Chimeric antigen receptor Cell biology Killer Cells Natural 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Oncology 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Immunotherapy |
| Zdroj: | Cytotherapy |
| ISSN: | 1477-2566 |
| Popis: | In the unique supply chain of cellular therapies, preservation is important to keep the cell product viable. Many factors in cryopreservation affect the outcome of a cell therapy: (i) formulation and introduction of a freezing medium, (ii) cooling rate, (iii) storage conditions, (iv) thawing conditions and (v) post-thaw processing. This article surveys clinical trials of cellular immunotherapy that used cryopreserved regulatory, chimeric antigen receptor or gamma delta T cells, dendritic cells or natural killer (NK) cells. Several observations are summarized from the given information. The aforementioned cell types have been similarly frozen in media containing 5-10% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) with plasma, serum or human serum albumin. Two common freezing methods are an insulated freezing container such as Nalgene Mr. Frosty and a controlled-rate freezer at a cooling rate of -1°C/min. Water baths at approximately 37°C have been commonly used for thawing. Post-thaw processing of cryopreserved cells varied greatly: some studies infused the cells immediately upon thawing; some diluted the cells in a carrier solution of varying formulation before infusion; some washed cells to remove cryoprotective agents; and others re-cultured cells to recover cell viability or functionality lost due to cryopreservation. Emerging approaches to preserving cellular immunotherapies are also described. DMSO-free formulations of the freezing media have demonstrated improved preservation of cell viability in T lymphocytes and of cytotoxic function in natural killer cells. Saccharides are a common type of molecule used as an alternative cryoprotective agent to DMSO. Improving methods of preservation will be critical to growth in the clinical use of cellular immunotherapies. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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