Cryopreservation of Agronomic Plant Germplasm Using Vitrification-Based Methods: An Overview of Selected Case Studies
| Autor: | Angela Vacaro de Souza, Cesar Augusto Roque-Borda, Eduardo Vicente, Dariusz Kulus, Behzad Kaviani |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
encapsulation-dehydration
0106 biological sciences 0301 basic medicine Germplasm Crops Agricultural Cryobiology molecular markers QH301-705.5 Review genetic integrity Biology 01 natural sciences Catalysis Cryopreservation Somaclonal variation encapsulation-vitrification Inorganic Chemistry 03 medical and health sciences Cryoprotective Agents Vitrification Genetic variability Biology (General) Physical and Theoretical Chemistry QD1-999 Molecular Biology Spectroscopy Genetic diversity business.industry cryoprotectant Protoplasts Organic Chemistry General Medicine somaclonal variation Computer Science Applications Biotechnology Chemistry Plant Breeding 030104 developmental biology droplet-vitrification Seeds gene banks Adaptation business Plant Shoots 010606 plant biology & botany |
| Zdroj: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 6157, p 6157 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 1422-0067 |
| Popis: | Numerous environmental and endogenous factors affect the level of genetic diversity in natural populations. Genetic variability is the cornerstone of evolution and adaptation of species. However, currently, more and more plant species and local varieties (landraces) are on the brink of extinction due to anthropopression and climate change. Their preservation is imperative for the sake of future breeding programs. Gene banks have been created worldwide to conserve different plant species of cultural and economic importance. Many of them apply cryopreservation, a conservation method in which ultra-low temperatures (−135 °C to −196 °C) are used for long-term storage of tissue samples, with little risk of variation occurrence. Cells can be successfully cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen (LN) when the adverse effect of ice crystal formation and growth is mitigated by the removal of water and the formation of the so-called biological glass (vitrification). This state can be achieved in several ways. The involvement of key cold-regulated genes and proteins in the acquisition of cold tolerance in plant tissues may additionally improve the survival of LN-stored explants. The present review explains the importance of cryostorage in agronomy and presents an overview of the recent works accomplished with this strategy. The most widely used cryopreservation techniques, classic and modern cryoprotective agents, and some protocols applied in crops are considered to understand which parameters provide the establishment of high quality and broadly applicable cryopreservation. Attention is also focused on the issues of genetic integrity and functional genomics in plant cryobiology. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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