Activity of the pituitary–gonadal axis is increased prior to the onset of spawning migration of chum salmon
| Autor: | Jon T. Dickey, Shunpei Sato, Aya Jodo, Masatoshi Ban, Hironori Ando, Masa-aki Fukuwaka, Penny Swanson, Hiroshi Katsumata, Akihisa Urano, Tomonori Azumaya, Takeshi Onuma, Weiwei Hu, Nancy D. Davis, Keita Makino |
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| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Physiology
Radioimmunoassay Zoology Aquatic Science Biology DNA Mitochondrial Sexual Behavior Animal Follicle-stimulating hormone Animals Endocrine system RNA Messenger Gonadal Steroid Hormones Gonads Molecular Biology Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Testosterone DNA Primers Analysis of Variance Pacific Ocean Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Homing (biology) Age Factors Pituitary gonadal axis Aquatic animal Microarray Analysis Hatchery Fishery Oncorhynchus keta Haplotypes Pituitary Gland Insect Science Follicle Stimulating Hormone beta Subunit Animal Migration Animal Science and Zoology Seasons Development of the gonads |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Experimental Biology. 212:56-70 |
| ISSN: | 1477-9145 0022-0949 |
| DOI: | 10.1242/jeb.021352 |
| Popis: | SUMMARY The activity of the pituitary–gonadal axis (PG axis) in pre-migratory and homing chum salmon was examined because endocrine mechanisms underlying the onset of spawning migration remain unknown. Pre-migratory fish were caught in the central Bering Sea in June, July and September 2001, 2002 and 2003, and in the Gulf of Alaska in February 2006. They were classified into immature and maturing adults on the basis of gonadal development. The maturing adults commenced spawning migration to coastal areas by the end of summer, because almost all fish in the Bering Sea were immature in September. In the pituitaries of maturing adults, the copy numbers of FSHβ mRNA and the FSH content were 2.5- to 100-fold those of the immature fish. Similarly, the amounts of LHβ mRNA and LH content in the maturing adults were 100- to 1000-fold those of immature fish. The plasma levels of testosterone,11-ketotestosterone and estradiol were higher than 10 nmol l–1 in maturing adults, but lower than 1.0 nmol l–1 in immature fish. The increase in the activity of the PG-axis components had already initiated in the maturing adults while they were still in the Gulf of Alaska in winter. In the homing adults, the pituitary contents and the plasma levels of gonadotropins and plasma sex steroid hormones peaked during upstream migration from the coast to the natal hatchery. The present results thus indicate that the seasonal increase in the activity of the PG axis is an important endocrine event that is inseparable from initiation of spawning migration of chum salmon. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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