Diurnal Dynamics of the Umov Kinetic Energy Density Vector in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer from Minisodar Measurements
| Autor: | Liudmila G. Shamanaeva, Alexander Potekaev, N. P. Krasnenko |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Atmospheric Science
Planetary boundary layer Flux Environmental Science (miscellaneous) Kinetic energy Atmospheric sciences minisodar Atmosphere atmospheric boundary layer Altitude пограничный слой атмосферы Meteorology. Climatology кинетическая энергия Умова вектор минисодары Physics::Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics плотность потока Turbulence diurnal dynamics of the Umov vector of the kinetic energy flux density акустическое звучание Depth sounding Turbulence kinetic energy Physics::Space Physics acoustic sounding Environmental science Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics QC851-999 |
| Zdroj: | Atmosphere, Vol 12, Iss 1347, p 1347 (2021) Atmosphere Volume 12 Issue 10 Atmosphere. 2021. Vol. 12, № 10. P. 1347 (1-11) |
| ISSN: | 2073-4433 |
| Popis: | The diurnal hourly dynamics of the kinetic energy flux density vector, called the Umov vector, and the mean and turbulent components of the kinetic energy are estimated from minisodar measurements of wind vector components and their variances in the lower 200 m layer of the atmosphere. During a 24 h period of continuous minisodar observations, it was established that the mean kinetic energy density dominated in the surface atmospheric layer at altitudes below ~50 m. At altitudes from 50 to 100 m, the relative contributions of the mean and turbulent wind kinetic energy densities depended on the time of the day and the sounding altitude. At altitudes below 100 m, the contribution of the turbulent kinetic energy component is small, and the ratio of the turbulent to mean wind kinetic energy components was in the range 0.01–10. At altitudes above 100 m, the turbulent kinetic energy density sharply increased, and the ratio reached its maximum equal to 100–1000 at altitudes of 150–200 m. A particular importance of the direction and magnitude of the wind effect, that is, of the direction and magnitude of the Umov vector at different altitudes was established. The diurnal behavior of the Umov vector depended both on the time of the day and the sounding altitude. Three layers were clearly distinguished: a near-surface layer at altitudes of 5–15 m, an intermediate layer at altitudes from 15 m to 150 m, and the layer of enhanced turbulence above. The feasibility is illustrated of detecting times and altitudes of maximal and minimal wing kinetic energy flux densities, that is, time periods and altitude ranges most and least favorable for flights of unmanned aerial vehicles. The proposed novel method of determining the spatiotemporal dynamics of the Umov vector from minisodar measurements can also be used to estimate the effect of wind on high-rise buildings and the energy potential of wind turbines. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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