Dual Role of TNF and LTα in Carcinogenesis as Implicated by Studies in Mice
| Autor: | Ruslan V. Zvartsev, Almina I. Polinova, Sergei A. Nedospasov, Ekaterina O. Gubernatorova, Olga A. Namakanova, Alexandra D Medvedovskaya, Marina S. Drutskaya, Mikhail M Petropavlovskiy, Georgij B Telegin |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Lymphotoxin alpha Cancer Research tumor necrosis factor LTβR Inflammation Review medicine.disease_cause Major histocompatibility complex lcsh:RC254-282 Neogenesis Autoimmunity 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine medicine microbiota cancer mouse models biology lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens biology.organism_classification TNFR2 030104 developmental biology Oncology 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Cancer research biology.protein Tumor promotion Tumor necrosis factor alpha medicine.symptom lymphotoxin alpha Carcinogenesis |
| Zdroj: | Cancers Cancers, Vol 13, Iss 1775, p 1775 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2072-6694 |
| Popis: | Simple Summary Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and its closely related cytokine, lymphotoxin alpha (LTα), are part of the TNF superfamily and exert their functions via both overlapping and non-redundant signaling pathways. Reported pro- and antitumorigenic effects of TNF and lymphotoxin are often context-dependent and may be contingent on a particular experimental approach, such as transplantable and chemically induced tumor models; tissue and organ specificity; types of cells producing these cytokines or responding to them; and the genotype and genetic background of mice. Here, we review the mechanisms of TNF/LTα involvement in cancer promotion and suppression as studied in mouse models. We also discuss the impact of microbiota on tumor development and manipulations of the TNF/LT system, which may be effective as anti-cancer therapy. Abstract Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and lymphotoxin alpha (LTα) are two related cytokines from the TNF superfamily, yet they mediate their functions in soluble and membrane-bound forms via overlapping, as well as distinct, molecular pathways. Their genes are encoded within the major histocompatibility complex class III cluster in close proximity to each other. TNF is involved in host defense, maintenance of lymphoid tissues, regulation of cell death and survival, and antiviral and antibacterial responses. LTα, known for some time as TNFβ, has pleiotropic functions including control of lymphoid tissue development and homeostasis cross talk between lymphocytes and their environment, as well as lymphoid tissue neogenesis with formation of lymphoid follicles outside the lymph nodes. Along with their homeostatic functions, deregulation of these two cytokines may be associated with initiation and progression of chronic inflammation, autoimmunity, and tumorigenesis. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge concerning TNF/LTα functions in tumor promotion and suppression, with the focus on the recently uncovered significance of host–microbiota interplay in cancer development that may explain some earlier controversial results. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|