Environmental, mechanical, and biochemical benefits of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)
| Autor: | Adedeji A. Adelodun, Usman Olamide Hassan, Victor Oluwatobi Nwachuckwu |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Eichhornia crassipes
Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Sewage 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Animal science Nutrient Nitrate Ultimate tensile strength Environmental Chemistry Biomass 0105 earth and related environmental sciences biology Hyacinth business.industry General Medicine Phosphate biology.organism_classification Pollution Biodegradation Environmental chemistry Wastewater Eichhornia business Water Pollutants Chemical |
| Zdroj: | Environmental science and pollution research international. 27(24) |
| ISSN: | 1614-7499 |
| Popis: | Water hyacinth (WH) has high tolerance in extreme environmental conditions. Here, we examined the potentials of WH (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart) solms) to remove excess nutrients from sewage wastewater. We used four prototypes of water systems: prototypes A (WH + underlay water) and C (WH + sewage water), whereas prototypes B and D were experimental control for A and C, respectively. For prototype A, the percentage removal efficiencies (%Re) for nitrate and phosphate achieved were 75.12 ± 4.22% and 78.90 ± 8.72%, respectively, with a pH increase from 6.29 to 7.69; whereas for prototype C, the values were 54.7 ± 8.11% and 86.10 ± 7.34%, respectively, with a pH decrease from 8.13 to 7.15. For the 3-week retention time, the biomass weight increased in both prototype A (33.26%; $$ \overline{x} $$ rate = 15.46 g/week) and prototype C (26.43%; $$ \overline{x} $$ rate = 12.54 g/week). Further, the respective mechanical strength and nutritional values of the WH’s fiber and the organic extracts were examined. The air-dried WH stem showed an average tensile stress of 0.04 MPa on a load at maximum stress of 137.1 N. By comparison, a strand of WH has a tensile strength of 14 MPa, inferior to 15, 61, and 400 MPa shown by timber, wood, and steel, respectively. However, by knitting, four strands of WH yielded a much-improved tensile strength of 315 MPa. Finally, a gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analysis of the plant’s extract showed that it contains 35.51% oleic acid, a nutritional extract of high value. Thence, we established a profound economic significance of WH, a macrophyte with latent immense benefits. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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