Social insect genomes exhibit dramatic evolution in gene composition and regulation while preserving regulatory features linked to sociality
| Autor: | Chris Smith, Robert M. Waterhouse, Greg Donahue, Martin Helmkampf, Christopher D. Smith, Monica Munoz-Torres, Brian J. Parker, Jürgen Gadau, Sanne Nygaard, Laurent Keller, Julien Roux, Christine G. Elsik, Jiayu Wen, Lothar Wissler, Neil D. Tsutsui, Jacobus J. Boomsma, Brendan G. Hunt, Eran Elhaik, Cameron R. Currie, Danny Reinberg, Evgenia V. Kriventseva, Justin T. Reese, Daniel F. Simola, Garret Suen, Lumi Viljakainen, Christopher P. Childers, Alan Rawls, Yannick Wurm, Darren E. Hagen, Shelley L. Berger, Jürgen Liebig, Karl M. Glastad, Elizabeth Cash, Michael A. D. Goodisman, Evgeny M. Zdobnov, Dan Graur, Erich Bornberg-Bauer, Eyal Privman |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Genome Insect Biology Regulatory Sequences Nucleic Acid 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Genome Synteny Evolution Molecular 03 medical and health sciences Species Specificity Molecular evolution Genetics Gene family Animals ddc:576.5 Social Behavior Gene Genetics (clinical) Conserved Sequence Phylogeny 030304 developmental biology Regulation of gene expression 0303 health sciences Binding Sites Behavior Animal Models Genetic Ants Research fungi food and beverages Sequence Analysis DNA DNA Methylation Eusociality Hymenoptera MicroRNAs Gene Expression Regulation Insect Proteins Orthologous Gene Transcription Factors |
| Zdroj: | Genome Research Genome Research, Vol. 23, No 8 (2013) pp. 1235-47 Genome Research, vol. 23, no. 8, pp. 1235-1247 Genome research |
| ISSN: | 1549-5469 1088-9051 |
| Popis: | Genomes of eusocial insects code for dramatic examples of phenotypic plasticity and social organization. We compared the genomes of seven ants, the honeybee, and various solitary insects to examine whether eusocial lineages share distinct features of genomic organization. Each ant lineage contains ∼4000 novel genes, but only 64 of these genes are conserved among all seven ants. Many gene families have been expanded in ants, notably those involved in chemical communication (e.g., desaturases and odorant receptors). Alignment of the ant genomes revealed reduced purifying selection compared with Drosophila without significantly reduced synteny. Correspondingly, ant genomes exhibit dramatic divergence of noncoding regulatory elements; however, extant conserved regions are enriched for novel noncoding RNAs and transcription factor–binding sites. Comparison of orthologous gene promoters between eusocial and solitary species revealed significant regulatory evolution in both cis (e.g., Creb) and trans (e.g., fork head) for nearly 2000 genes, many of which exhibit phenotypic plasticity. Our results emphasize that genomic changes can occur remarkably fast in ants, because two recently diverged leaf-cutter ant species exhibit faster accumulation of species-specific genes and greater divergence in regulatory elements compared with other ants or Drosophila. Thus, while the “socio-genomes” of ants and the honeybee are broadly characterized by a pervasive pattern of divergence in gene composition and regulation, they preserve lineage-specific regulatory features linked to eusociality. We propose that changes in gene regulation played a key role in the origins of insect eusociality, whereas changes in gene composition were more relevant for lineage-specific eusocial adaptations. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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