Cellular oxidative damage is more sensitive to biosynthetic rate than to metabolic rate: A test of the theoretical model on hornworms (Manduca sexta larvae)
| Autor: | Chen Hou, Yue-Wern Huang, Paul Ki-souk Nam, Lihong Jiao, Chance Walker, Kaushalya Amunugama, Gayla R. Olbricht |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine Aging Protein Carbonylation Oxidative phosphorylation medicine.disease_cause 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Biochemistry Lipid peroxidation 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound Endocrinology Biosynthesis Manduca Genetics medicine Animals Theoretical model Molecular Biology Caloric Restriction Energy biology Ecology Tradeoff Cell Biology Metabolism Models Theoretical biology.organism_classification Cell biology Ageing Oxidative Stress 030104 developmental biology chemistry Manduca sexta Larva Linear Models Lipid Peroxidation Repair Oxidative stress |
| Zdroj: | Experimental gerontology. 82 |
| ISSN: | 1873-6815 |
| Popis: | We develop a theoretical model from an energetic viewpoint for unraveling the entangled effects of metabolic and biosynthetic rates on oxidative cellular damage accumulation during animal's growth, and test the model by experiments in hornworms. The theoretical consideration suggests that most of the cellular damages caused by the oxidative metabolism can be repaired by the efficient maintenance mechanisms, if the energy required by repair is unlimited. However, during growth a considerable amount of energy is allocated to the biosynthesis, which entails tradeoffs with the requirements of repair. Thus, the model predicts that cellular damage is more influenced by the biosynthetic rate than the metabolic rate. To test the prediction, we induced broad variations in metabolic and biosynthetic rates in hornworms, and assayed the lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl. We found that the increase in the cellular damage was mainly caused by the increase in biosynthetic rate, and the variations in metabolic rate had negligible effect. The oxidative stress hypothesis of aging suggests that high metabolism leads to high cellular damage and short lifespan. However, some empirical studies showed that varying biosynthetic rate, rather than metabolic rate, changes animal's lifespan. The conflicts between the empirical evidence and the hypothesis are reconciled by this study. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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