Conditioned pain modulation-A comprehensive review
| Autor: | Shankar Ramaswamy, Theresa Wodehouse |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Pain Threshold
Stimulation 050105 experimental psychology Diffuse Noxious Inhibitory Control 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Physiology (medical) parasitic diseases Medicine Humans Pain Management 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Inhibitory effect Pain Measurement Pain modulation Mechanism (biology) business.industry Diffuse noxious inhibitory control 05 social sciences Chronic pain General Medicine medicine.disease Neurology Conditioned pain modulation embryonic structures Biomarker (medicine) Neurology (clinical) Chronic Pain business human activities Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Neurophysiologie clinique = Clinical neurophysiology. 51(3) |
| ISSN: | 1769-7131 |
| Popis: | Conditioned pain modulation (CPM) is a centrally processed measure of the net effect of the descending pain pathway. This comprises both the facilitatory as well as the inhibitory effect. In the past, CPM or similar effects have been previously described using different terminologies such as diffuse noxious inhibitory control (DNIC), heterotopic noxious conditioning stimulation (HNCS) or endogenous analgesia (EA). A variety of patient-related factors such as age, gender, hormones, race, genetic and psychological factors have been thought to influence the CPM paradigms. CPM paradigms have also been associated with a wide range of methodological variables including the mode of application of the 'test' as well as the 'conditioning' stimuli. Despite all these variabilities, CPM seems to reliably lend itself to the pain modulation profile concept and could in future become one of the phenotypic biomarkers for pain and also a guide for mechanism-based treatment in chronic pain. Future research should focus on establishing consistent methodologies for measuring CPM and thereby enhancing the robustness of this emerging biomarker for pain. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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