Contusive spinal cord injury up regulates mu-opioid receptor (mor)gene expression in the brain and down regulates its expression in the spinal cord: possible implications in spinal cord injury research
| Autor: | Alok Nath Mohapatra, Felicia Mary Michael, Sankar Venkatachalam, Tenzin Seldon, Kirubhanand Chandrasekar, Lavanya Venkitasamy |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Narcotic Antagonists
Receptors Opioid mu Down-Regulation Gene Expression Nerve Tissue Proteins (+)-Naloxone Motor Activity Neuroprotection Rats Sprague-Dawley Animals Medicine Spinal cord injury Spinal Cord Injuries Neurons Naloxone business.industry Antagonist Brain Antigens Nuclear General Medicine Spinal cord medicine.disease Up-Regulation Disease Models Animal medicine.anatomical_structure Bromodeoxyuridine Spinal Cord Neurology Anesthesia Female Neurology (clinical) Animal studies Opiate μ-opioid receptor business |
| Zdroj: | Neurological Research. 37:788-796 |
| ISSN: | 1743-1328 0161-6412 |
| DOI: | 10.1179/1743132815y.0000000057 |
| Popis: | Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is one of the dreaded neurological conditions and finding a cure for it has been a hot area of research. Naloxone - a mu-opiate receptor (mor) antagonist was considered for SCI treatment based on its positive effects under shock conditions. In contrary to animal studies based reports about the potential benefits of naloxone in treating SCI, a large scale clinical trial [National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study II (NASCIS II)] conducted in USA failed to witness any effectiveness. The inconsistency noticed was intriguing. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to re-examine the role of naloxone in treating SCI using a highly standardised Multicenter Animal Spinal Cord Injury Study (MASCIS) animal model of contusive SCI. Results indicated that naloxone produced negligible and insignificant neuroprotection. In an attempt to understand the cause for the failure, it was found that mu-opioid receptor (mor) gene expression was upregulated in the brain but was down regulated in the spinal cord after contusive SCI. Given that the beneficial effects of naloxone are through its action on the mor, the results indicate that unlike the brain, spinal cord might not be bracing to utilise the opiate system in the repair process. This could possibly explain the failure of naloxone treatment in NASCIS II. To conclude, opiate antagonists like naloxone may be neuroprotective for treating traumatic brain injuries, but not for traumatic/contusive spinal cord injuries. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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