Carboxylate platform: the MixAlco process part 2: process economics
| Autor: | Cesar B. Granda, Gary W. Luce, Katherine Searcy, Darryl L. Mamrosh, Mark T. Holtzapple |
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| Rok vydání: | 2008 |
| Předmět: |
Municipal solid waste
Bioelectric Energy Sources Carboxylic Acids Biomass Bioengineering Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Biochemistry Waste Disposal Fluid Methane chemistry.chemical_compound Bioreactors Organic chemistry Gasoline Molecular Biology Biogasoline Methane reformer Chemistry General Medicine Pulp and paper industry Refinery Refuse Disposal Alcohols Fermentation Gases Tonne Biotechnology Hydrogen |
| Zdroj: | Applied biochemistry and biotechnology. 156(1-3) |
| ISSN: | 1559-0291 |
| Popis: | The MixAlco process employs a mixed culture of acid-forming microorganisms to convert biomass to carboxylate salts, which are concentrated via vapor-compression evaporation and subsequently chemically converted to other chemical and fuel products. To make alcohols, hydrogen is required, which can be supplied from a number of processes, including gasifying biomass, separation from fermentor gases, methane reforming, or electrolysis. Using zeolite catalysts, the alcohols can be oligomerized into hydrocarbons, such as gasoline. A 40-tonne/h plant processing municipal solid waste ($45/tonne tipping fee) and using hydrogen from a pipeline or refinery ($2.00/kg H(2)) can sell alcohols for $1.13/gal or gasoline for $1.75/gal with a 15% return on investment ($0.61/gal of alcohol or $0.99/gal of gasoline for cash costs only). The capital cost is $1.95/annual gallon of mixed alcohols. An 800-tonne/h plant processing high-yield biomass ($60/tonne) and gasifying fermentation residues and waste biomass to hydrogen ($1.42/kg H(2)) can sell alcohols for $1.33/gal or gasoline for $2.04/gal with a 15% return on investment ($1.08/gal of alcohol or $1.68/gal of gasoline for cash costs only). The capital cost for the alcohol and gasification plants at 800 tonne/h is $1.45/annual gallon of mixed alcohols. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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