The bipolar disorder prodrome revisited: Is there a symptomatic pattern?
| Autor: | Andrea Pfennig, Karolina Leopold, Seza Krüger-Özgürdal, Georg Juckel, Christoph U. Correll, Michael Bauer, Eike Zeschel, Ida S. Haussleiter, Andreas Bechdolf |
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| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Psychosis medicine.medical_specialty Bipolar Disorder Adolescent Mood swing Prodromal Symptoms Mood Lability Prodrome Young Adult Racing thoughts Internal medicine mental disorders Humans Medicine Affective Symptoms Bipolar disorder Psychiatry Retrospective Studies business.industry Middle Aged medicine.disease Psychiatry and Mental health Clinical Psychology Mood Female medicine.symptom business Mania |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Affective Disorders. 151:551-560 |
| ISSN: | 0165-0327 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jad.2013.06.043 |
| Popis: | To assess the phenomenology and course of pre-(hypo)manic and pre-depressed prodromal symptoms, including mood swings, as precursors of bipolar disorder (BD) in a German multi-center study.Semi-structured interviews [Bipolar Prodrome Symptom Scale-Retrospective (BPSS-R); Semi-structured Interview for Mood Swings] were administered to patients within 8 years of BD (BD I, BD II) onset.Forty two outpatients were included (40.5% male, mean age 35.1±10.0 years, illness onset at 30.5±9.5 years). Feeling extremely energetic (85.7%), racing thoughts (78.6%), physical agitation (76.2%), overtalkativeness (71.4%), and low sleep requirement (71.4%) occurred most frequently prior to the first (hypo)manic episode, whereas depressed mood (83.0%), reduced vitality (81.0%), physical exhaustion (78.6%), tiredness (76.2%), and insomnia (66.7%) preceded pre-depressively. Mood lability (p=.006), odd ideas (p=.003) and the psychosis index score (p=.003) differed significantly in prevalence depending on the episodes' mood. Extremely energetic (p=.046), overtalkativeness (p.001), and racing thoughts (p=.013) lasted significantly longer prior to depression. Neither severity nor frequency of prodromal symptoms differed significantly. Most of the symptoms emerged during the proximal prodromal phase. Links between mood swings and subsequent BD were found.Symptoms were evaluated retrospectively with self-reporting tools in bipolar patients from academic treatment settings without comparison to clinical controls.Not only specific depressive or manic but also general symptoms occurred prior to both affective episodes. The pre-depressive prodrome lasted longer than the pre-manic one, but severity and frequency did not differ significantly. Mood swings and disturbed diurnal rhythm occurred prior to both episodes as early signs of BD. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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