The spread of steppe and Iranian-related ancestry in the islands of the western Mediterranean
| Autor: | Francesca Candilio, Beatriz Gamarra, David Caramelli, Alissa Mittnik, Matthew Ferry, Maria Teschler-Nicola, Kirsten Mandl, Alfredo Coppa, Roberto Miccichè, Mario Novak, Swapan Mallick, Gianfranca Salis, Martina Lari, Giulio Catalano, Stefania Vai, Vittoria Schimmenti, Nick Patterson, Nadin Rohland, Nasreen Broomandkhoshbacht, Jonas Oppenheimer, Ron Pinhasi, Marián Cueto, Iñigo Olalde, Olivia Cheronet, Maria Rita Palombo, Margherita Micheletti, Constanze Schattke, Edgard Camarós, Carla Maria Calò, Douglas J. Kennett, Brendan J. Culleton, Kadir T. Özdoğan, Pau Sureda, Elisabetta Marini, Marina Lozano, Luis Teira, Jens Carlsson, Vincenza Forgia, Michaela Lucci, David Reich, Carles Lalueza-Fox, Gabriella Gasperetti, Luca Sineo, Alessandra Modi, Daniel Fernandes, Rebecca Bernardos, Iosif Lazaridis, Kendra Sirak, Megan Michel, Kristin Stewardson, Damià Ramis, Matthew Mah |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Irish Research Council, National Science Foundation (US), Fundación 'la Caixa', Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, National Institutes of Health (US), John Templeton Foundation, Daniel M. Fernandes, Alissa Mittnik, Iñigo Olalde, Iosif Lazaridis, Olivia Cheronet, Nadin Rohland, Swapan Mallick, Rebecca Bernardos, Nasreen Broomandkhoshbacht, Jens Carlsson, Brendan J. Culleton, Matthew Ferry, Beatriz Gamarra, Martina Lari, Matthew Mah, Megan Michel, Alessandra Modi, Mario Novak, Jonas Oppenheimer, Kendra A. Sirak, Kristin Stewardson, Kirsten Mandl, Constanze Schattke, Kadir T. Özdoğan, Michaela Lucci, Gabriella Gasperetti, Francesca Candilio, Gianfranca Salis, Stefania Vai, Edgard Camarós, Carla Calò, Giulio Catalano, Marián Cueto, Vincenza Forgia, Marina Lozano, Elisabetta Marini, Margherita Micheletti, Roberto M. Miccichè, Maria R. Palombo, Damià Ramis, Vittoria Schimmenti, Pau Sureda, Luís Teira, Maria Teschler-Nicola, Douglas J. Kennett, Carles Lalueza-Fox , Nick Patterson, Luca Sineo, Alfredo Coppa, David Caramelli, Ron Pinhasi, David Reich |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Mediterranean climate Steppe Pastoralism Population genetics government.political_district Settore BIO/08 - Antropologia Iran ancient-DNA western mediterranean islands population aDNA Human Ancient migrations Western Mediterranean Basin Steppe pastoralists Anthropology 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Bronze Age Humans DNA Ancient Sicily Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Islands Balearic islands geography.geographical_feature_category Ecology Africa anthropology emigration and immigration Europe humans islands Spain agriculture DNA ancient genome-wide association study ancient Agriculture DNA Chalcolithic Emigration and Immigration western mediterranean islands population humanities Ancient DNA steppe ancestry western Mediterranean 030104 developmental biology Geography Anthropology government ancient-DNA Ethnology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Genome-Wide Association Study |
| Zdroj: | Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC instname |
| Popis: | Steppe-pastoralist-related ancestry reached Central Europe by at least 2500 bc, whereas Iranian farmer-related ancestry was present in Aegean Europe by at least 1900 bc. However, the spread of these ancestries into the western Mediterranean, where they have contributed to many populations that live today, remains poorly understood. Here, we generated genome-wide ancient-DNA data from the Balearic Islands, Sicily and Sardinia, increasing the number of individuals with reported data from 5 to 66. The oldest individual from the Balearic Islands (~2400 bc) carried ancestry from steppe pastoralists that probably derived from west-to-east migration from Iberia, although two later Balearic individuals had less ancestry from steppe pastoralists. In Sicily, steppe pastoralist ancestry arrived by ~2200 bc, in part from Iberia; Iranian-related ancestry arrived by the mid-second millennium bc, contemporary to its previously documented spread to the Aegean; and there was large-scale population replacement after the Bronze Age. In Sardinia, nearly all ancestry derived from the island’s early farmers until the first millennium bc, with the exception of an outlier from the third millennium bc, who had primarily North African ancestry and who—along with an approximately contemporary Iberian—documents widespread Africa-to-Europe gene flow in the Chalcolithic. Major immigration into Sardinia began in the first millennium bc and, at present, no more than 56–62% of Sardinian ancestry is from its first farmers. This value is lower than previous estimates, highlighting that Sardinia, similar to every other region in Europe, has been a stage for major movement and mixtures of people. D.M.F. was supported by an Irish Research Council grant GOIPG/2013/36. Radiocarbon work was supported in part by the NSF Archaeometry program BCS-1460369 (to D.J.K. and B.J.C). C.L.-F. was supported by Obra Social La Caixa and by FEDER-MINECO (BFU2015-64699-P and PGC2018-095931-B-100). D.C. was supported by grant 20177PJ9XF MIUR PRIN 2017. D.Reich is an Investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and his ancient-DNA laboratory work was supported by National Science Foundation HOMINID grant BCS-1032255, a National Institutes of Health grant GM100233, an Allen Discovery Center grant, and grant no. 61220 from the John Templeton Foundation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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