In vitro cytotoxic assessment of e-waste-related chemical pollution in impacted soil matrix

Autor: Chukwuebuka ThankGod, Eze, Obianuju Oluchukwu, Eze, Tochukwu Ernest, Ugochukwu, Nnamdi Henry, Amaeze, Emeka Bright, Ogbuene, Adebayo Akeem, Otitoloju
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Zdroj: Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 194
ISSN: 1573-2959
0167-6369
DOI: 10.1007/s10661-021-09717-4
Popis: The environmental quality and toxicity of soil from some selected informal e-waste sites in West Africa was assessed on PLHC-1 liver cells. In addition, toxicity mechanisms such as apoptosis, necrosis and necroptosis were analysed in order to determine the effect of the actual chemical mixture present in the e-waste soil matrix. The investigation revealed that although e-waste soil extracts (polar and non-polar) and elutriates were significantly cytotoxic at the tested concentration (16 mg soil EQ/ml), PLHC-1 cell viability was not reduced below 50%. The non-polar extracts were more toxic compared to polar extracts and elutriates. The cytotoxic potency of soil from the informal e-waste-recycling sites ranged in this order: Alaba Godome-Kouhounou Agbogblosie. The study revealed that all e-waste soil extracts and elutriates induced significant (P 0.01) PLHC-1 cell death by apoptosis and necrosis; however, cell death by apoptosis was higher compared to that by necrosis. The results indicated that except for non-polar extracts (N4, B4 and G4) from open burning areas that induced significant (P 0.01) PLHC-1 cell death by necroptosis, other extracts and elutriates could not cause cell death by necroptosis. The study has demonstrated that soils from the Alaba e-waste site in Lagos could be more toxic than soils from Godome-Kouhounou (Cotonou) and Agbogblosie (Accra) e-waste sites and further highlighted open burning as an informal e-waste-handling method with greater negative impact on soil quality in the e-waste sites. The study emphasizes the urgent need for regulatory agencies to introduce regular residue-monitoring programmes in order to forestall the adverse effects of soil pollution episodes in the e-waste sites.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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