Prevalence of Bovine Tuberculosis and Risk Factor Assessment in Cattle in Rural Livestock Areas of Govuro District in the Southeast of Mozambique

Autor: Margarida Correia-Neves, Ivânia Moiane, André Nhambir, Jan Hattendorf, Jakob Zinsstag, Gunilla Källenius, Adelina Machado, Osvaldo Frederico Inlamea, Nuno Santos
Přispěvatelé: Universidade do Minho
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2014
Předmět:
Male
Veterinary medicine
Cross-sectional study
Veterinary Microbiology
Prevalence
lcsh:Medicine
Bovine Tuberculosis in Humans
Rural Health
0403 veterinary science
Risk Factors
Zoonoses
Bovine Tuberculosis
lcsh:Science
Mozambique
Animal Management
2. Zero hunger
0303 health sciences
Mycobacterium bovis
education.field_of_study
Multidisciplinary
biology
Geography
Zoonotic Diseases
04 agricultural and veterinary sciences
Animal husbandry
Veterinary Bacteriology
Breed
3. Good health
Infectious Diseases
Veterinary Diseases
Medicine
Livestock
Female
Research Article
Neglected Tropical Diseases
Tuberculosis
040301 veterinary sciences
Animal Types
Population
Large Animals
Veterinary Epidemiology
03 medical and health sciences
Animal Production
medicine
Animals
education
030304 developmental biology
Science & Technology
business.industry
lcsh:R
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
Cross-Sectional Studies
lcsh:Q
Veterinary Science
Cattle
business
Tuberculosis
Bovine
Zdroj: PLoS ONE
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal
Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP)
instacron:RCAAP
PLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 3, p e91527 (2014)
ISSN: 1932-6203
Popis: BACKGROUND: Bovine tuberculosis (bTB), caused by Mycobacterium bovis, is an infectious disease of cattle that also affects other domestic animals, free-ranging and farmed wildlife, and also humans. In Mozambique, scattered surveys have reported a wide variation of bTB prevalence rates in cattle from different regions. Due to direct economic repercussions on livestock and indirect consequences for human health and wildlife, knowing the prevalence rates of the disease is essential to define an effective control strategy. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Govuro district to determine bTB prevalence in cattle and identify associated risk factors. A representative sample of the cattle population was defined, stratified by livestock areas (n = 14). A total of 1136 cattle from 289 farmers were tested using the single comparative intradermal tuberculin test. The overall apparent prevalence was estimated at 39.6% (95% CI 36.8-42.5) using a diagnostic threshold cut-off according to the World Organization for Animal Health. bTB reactors were found in 13 livestock areas, with prevalence rates ranging from 8.1 to 65.8%. Age was the main risk factor; animals older than 4 years were more likely to be positive reactors (OR = 3.2, 95% CI: 2.2-4.7). Landim local breed showed a lower prevalence than crossbred animals (Landim × Brahman) (OR = 0.6, 95% CI: 0.4-0.8). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The findings reveal an urgent need for intervention with effective, area-based, control measures in order to reduce bTB prevalence and prevent its spread to the human population. In addition to the high prevalence, population habits in Govuro, particularly the consumption of raw milk, clearly may potentiate the transmission to humans. Thus, further studies on human tuberculosis and the molecular characterization of the predominant strain lineages that cause bTB in cattle and humans are urgently required to evaluate the impact on human health in the region.
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no 221948, ICONZ (Integrated Control of Neglected Zoonoses). The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: