Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds in composts and digestates from European countries as determined by the in vitro bioassay and chemical analysis
| Autor: | Petr Kukučka, Giulio Mariani, John P. Giesy, Bernd Manfred Gawlik, Giovanni Locoro, Luděk Bláha, Gert Suurkuusk, Martin Beníšek |
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| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Environmental Engineering
Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis engineering.material Dioxins Risk Assessment Soil Cell Line Tumor Hydrocarbons Chlorinated Animals Soil Pollutants Environmental Chemistry Bioassay Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Dioxins and dioxin-like compounds 2. Zero hunger Chemistry Compost Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health General Medicine General Chemistry Biodegradable waste Contamination Pollution 6. Clean water Humus Rats Europe Soil conditioner Anaerobic digestion Receptors Aryl Hydrocarbon 13. Climate action Environmental chemistry engineering Biological Assay |
| Zdroj: | Chemosphere. 122:168-175 |
| ISSN: | 0045-6535 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.11.039 |
| Popis: | Aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion plays an important role in reduction of organic waste by transforming the waste into humus, which is an excellent soil conditioner. However, applications of chemical-contaminated composts on soils may have unwanted consequences such as accumulation of persistent compounds and their transfer into food chains. The present study investigated burden of composts and digestates collected in 16 European countries (88 samples) by the compounds causing dioxin-like effects as determined by use of an in vitro transactivation assay to quantify total concentrations of aryl hydrocarbon receptor-(AhR) mediated potency. Measured concentrations of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibeno-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) equivalents (TEQbio) were compared to concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and selected chlorinated compounds, including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/ Fs), co-planar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), indicator PCB congeners and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). Median concentrations of TEQbio (dioxin-like compounds) determined by the in vitro assay in crude extracts of various types of composts ranged from 0.05 to 1.2 with a maximum 8.22 lg (TEQbio )k g 1 dry mass. Potencies were mostly associated with less persistent compounds such as PAHs because treatment with sulfuric acid removed bioactivity from most samples. The pan-European investigation of contamination by organic contaminants showed generally good quality of the composts, the majority of which were in compliance with conservative limits applied in some countries. Results demonstrate performance and added value of rapid, inexpensive, effect-based monitoring, and points out the need to derive corresponding effect-based trigger values for the risk assessment of complex contaminated matrices such as composts. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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