Demographic history of the Magellanic Penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) on the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of South America

Autor: Fabrício R. Santos, Larissa Rosa de Oliveira, Gisele P. M. Dantas, Juliana A. Vianna, Anna Carolina Milo Marasco, Gabriella Cardoso Maria, Vanessa Simão Almeida, Anna Milliones, Daniel González-Acuña, Larissa Tormena Castro, Esteban Frere, Enrique Alberto Crespo, João Stenghel Morgante
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
Zdroj: Repositório Institucional da USP (Biblioteca Digital da Produção Intelectual)
Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
instacron:USP
ISSN: 2193-7206
2193-7192
Popis: Spatial subdivision, local extinction and recolonization influence the genetic variation of natural populations. Different levels of population structure can be identified in nature, from panmictic populations, in which high gene flow homogenizes diversity across localities, to metapopulations, where combinations of moderate to high levels of population differentiation and source-sink population dynamics are expected. Gene flow, dispersal and recolonization can be affected by changes in ecological conditions such as climate and resource distribution. Evaluating demographic history is crucial for understanding current population dynamics. We assessed a mitchondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region and microsatellite data for 210 Magellanic Penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) from 13 breeding colonies on the coastlines of Chile and Argentina, covering a great portion of the species’ distribution. We found high levels of genetic diversity and detected two genetic-geographic regions, Pacific and Atlantic, probably due to interruption of the connection between the oceans during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), when several parts of the Magellanic Channel were connected to the continent. The Atlantic ocean colonies showed a slight differentiation between the northern and southern colonies, and the Falkand/Malvinas one seems to be a mix of northern, southern and Pacific colonies. Magellanic Penguins showed intense gene flown among colonies, and exhibited low levels of genetic differentiation in each region. Furthermore, our findings indicate that the Magellanic Penguin experienced a population expansion around 17,500 years ago, which is in agreement with the timing of a decreased sea level and the exposure of the continental shelf along the coast of Argentina and the Falkland/Malvinas Islands at the end of the LGM. Thus, our results suggest that climate changes that affect the sea level in South America can play important roles in the migration of Magellanic Penguins. Fil: Dantas, Gisele Pires Mendonça. Pontificia Universidade Catolica de Minas Gerais; . Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Brasil Fil: Maria, Gabriella Cardoso. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil Fil: Marasco, Anna Carolina Milo. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil Fil: Castro, Larissa Tormena. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil Fil: Almeida, Vanessa Simão. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil Fil: Santos, Fabricio Rodrigues. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais; Brasil Fil: Rosa de Oliveira, Larissa. Universidade Do Vale Do Rio Dos Sinos; Brasil Fil: Crespo, Enrique Alberto. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; Argentina Fil: Frere, Esteban. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Milliones, Anna. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; Argentina Fil: González Acuña, Daniel. Universidad de Concepción; Chile Fil: Morgante, João Stenghel. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil Fil: Vianna, Juliana A.. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile; Chile. Universidad Católica de Chile; Chile
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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