The self-serving benefits of being a good host: A role for our micro-inhabitants in shaping opioids’ function
| Autor: | Shoshana Eitan, Caitlin A Madison, Jacob Kuempel |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Cognitive Neuroscience
media_common.quotation_subject Gut flora Affect (psychology) Bioinformatics 03 medical and health sciences Behavioral Neuroscience 0302 clinical medicine Humans Medicine 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Chronic stress 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology Microbiome media_common Depressive Disorder Major biology business.industry Addiction 05 social sciences Brain Opioid-Related Disorders biology.organism_classification Gastrointestinal Microbiome Analgesics Opioid Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology Mood Anxiety Psychological resilience medicine.symptom business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews. 127:284-295 |
| ISSN: | 0149-7634 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.04.019 |
| Popis: | Opioids are highly efficacious in their ability to relieve pain, but they are liable for abuse, dependence, and addiction. Risk factors to develop opioid use disorders (OUD) include chronic stress, socio-environment, and preexisting major depressive disorders (MDD) and posttraumatic stress disorders (PTSD). Additionally, opioids reduce gut motility, induce loss of gut barrier function, and alter the composition of the trillions of microbes hosted in the gastrointestinal tract, known as the gut microbiota. The microbiota are significant contributors to the reciprocal communication between the central nervous system (CNS) and the gut, termed the gut-brain axis. They have strong influences on their host behaviors, including the ability to cope with stress, sociability, affect, mood, and anxiety. Thus, they are implicated in the etiology of MDD and PTSD. Here we review the latest studies demonstrating that intestinal flora can, directly and indirectly, by affecting sociability levels, responses to stress, and mental state, alter the responses to opioids. It suggests that microbiota can potentially be used to increase the resilience to develop analgesic tolerance and OUD. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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