Building a Real Endoscopic Sinus and Skull‐Base Surgery Simulator
Autor: | Marcos Lyra, Fernando Souza Leão, Fernando Oto Balieiro, Aldo Cassol Stamm, João Flávio Nogueira |
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Rok vydání: | 2008 |
Předmět: |
Models
Anatomic medicine.medical_specialty Process (engineering) Session (web analytics) 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Human–computer interaction Paranasal Sinuses medicine Humans Cadaver dissection 030223 otorhinolaryngology Sinus (anatomy) Skull Base business.industry Direct observation Endoscopy Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures Dissection medicine.anatomical_structure Otorhinolaryngology Virtual image 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Skull base surgery Surgery Radiology business |
Zdroj: | Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery. 139:727-728 |
ISSN: | 1097-6817 0194-5998 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.otohns.2008.07.017 |
Popis: | Endoscopic sinus and skull base surgery (ESSS) is considered the “gold standard” for the treatment of many lesions of the nose, paranasal sinus, and adjacent structures. The manipulation of instruments during these procedures is challenging because of the complex anatomy and proximity to important structures such as the brain, orbital content, carotid arteries, and optic nerve, among others. Long periods of training are traditionally necessary in order to perform safe and adequate ESSS. Resident training includes anatomic lectures, a video session, cadaver dissection, direct observation of surgeries, and the realization of ESSS supervised by experienced doctors. Unfortunately, in some training hospitals, this process has been impaired by the restricted number of procedures and more difficult dissection pieces. In order to fulfill this problem, virtual simulators have been developed. These simulators use virtual-reality concepts and direct interaction mechanisms with users, such as simulation of force and feedback of touch sensation on specific structures. Unfortunately, these virtual models have some disadvantages, such as the high cost of the equipment, the use of computer-generated virtual images, some with low resolution, and touch-sensitive alterations in some structures. In addition, they do not allow the use of real instruments used on ESSS. There is a general consensus that the size and complexity of the structures in the nose and paranasal sinus are a major problem in the development and construction of a realsimulation model for ESSS. We show the development of a real model for training ESSS that allows the use of the same endoscopes and instruments used on real nasal procedures, discussing its steps, materials, and technical difficulties. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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