A Comprehensive Evaluation of Flavor Instability of Beer (Part 1): Influence of Release of Bound State Aldehydes
| Autor: | Martina Gastl, Arndt Nobis, Florian Lehnhardt, Thomas Becker, Andreas Skornia |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Health (social science)
beer aging flavor instability bound state aldehydes Proteolysis Plant Science TP1-1185 Health Professions (miscellaneous) Microbiology Sensory analysis Article Strecker degradation symbols.namesake Lipid oxidation medicine Organic chemistry Flavor Aroma biology medicine.diagnostic_test business.industry Chemistry Chemical technology food and beverages biology.organism_classification Maillard reaction symbols Brewing business Food Science |
| Zdroj: | Foods, Vol 10, Iss 2432, p 2432 (2021) Foods; Volume 10; Issue 10; Pages: 2432 Foods |
| ISSN: | 2304-8158 |
| Popis: | Flavor instability of pale lager beer depends decisively on aroma-active aldehydes from the Maillard reaction, Strecker degradation, and lipid oxidation, which are formed in various oxidative and non-oxidative reactions. Therein, aldehydes can be formed de novo and be released from bound states to a free, aroma-active form during aging. During malting and brewing, proteolysis affects the amount of soluble nitrogen and thus flavor instability in different ways (e.g., precursors for de novo formation and binding agents for bound states). To isolate nitrogen-related aging processes, beers from malts (two barley varieties, three proteolytic malt modifications) were produced on a 50 L scale in part 1 of this study. Sensory analysis revealed increased flavor instability for beers with higher amounts of soluble nitrogen. Especially Strecker aldehydes significantly increased with malt modification. The release of bound state aldehydes revealed most free aldehydes in fresh beers and with higher malt modification. During aging, the equilibrium between free and bound state aldehydes shifted toward the free form. These results reveal a nitrogen-dependent bound pool of aldehydes that is depleted during aging and is responsible for aged aroma, especially in the early and medium stages of aging. Therefore, bound state aldehydes are indicators of the early-stage prediction of flavor instability already in a fresh condition. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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