Imaging aspects of the tumor stroma with therapeutic implications

Autor: Filip Bochner, Michal Neeman, Lian Narunsky, Roni Oren
Rok vydání: 2014
Předmět:
Zdroj: Pharmacology & Therapeutics
ISSN: 0163-7258
DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.10.003
Popis: Cancer cells rely on extensive support from the stroma in order to survive, proliferate and invade. The tumor stroma is thus an important potential target for anti-cancer therapy. Typical changes in the stroma include a shift from the quiescence promoting- antiangiogenic extracellular matrix to a provisional matrix that promotes invasion and angiogenesis. These changes in the extracellular matrix are induced by changes in the secretion of extracellular matrix proteins and glucose amino glycans, extravasation of plasma proteins from hyperpermeable vessels and release of matrix modifying enzymes resulting in cleavage and crosslinking of matrix macromolecules. These in turn alter the rigidity of the matrix and the exposure and release of cytokines. Changes in matrix rigidity and vessel permeability affect drug delivery and mediate resistance to cytotoxic therapy. These stroma changes are brought about not only by the cancer cells, but also through the action of many cell types that are recruited by tumors including immune cells, fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Within the tumor, these normal host cells are activated resulting in loss of inhibitory and induction of cancer promoting activities. Key to the development of stroma targeted therapies, selective biomarkers were developed for specific imaging of key aspects of the tumor stroma.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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