State of the Art of Automated Buses
| Autor: | Ralf-Martin Soe, Eetu Pilli-Sihvola, Boris Schonfeldt, Jaagup Ainsalu, Bob Lee, Ingar Vaskinn, Eetu Rutanen, Juha Saaski, Jaanus Müür, Raitis Madzulis, Magdalena Szymanska, Noora Haavisto, Mauro Bellone, Ville Arffman, Olav Madland, Sami Sahala, Maximilian Ellner, Piotr Marek Smolnicki, Milla Åman, Sami Mäkinen, Ebba Josefson, Azat Ismailogullari, Ville Nousiainen, Taina Haapamäki |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
media_common.quotation_subject
Geography Planning and Development TJ807-830 010501 environmental sciences Management Monitoring Policy and Law TD194-195 01 natural sciences Renewable energy sources Transport engineering electrification Electrification State (polity) 0502 economics and business GE1-350 automated buses intelligent urban transportation 0105 earth and related environmental sciences media_common 050210 logistics & transportation Environmental effects of industries and plants Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment business.industry 05 social sciences Automation Environmental sciences Work (electrical) Baltic sea Public transport Public service business Efficient energy use |
| Zdroj: | Sustainability, Vol 10, Iss 9, p 3118 (2018) |
| ISSN: | 2071-1050 |
| Popis: | Urban transportation in the next few decades will shift worldwide toward electrification and automation, with the final aim of increasing energy efficiency and safety for passengers. Such a big change requires strong collaboration and efforts among public administration, research and stakeholders in developing, testing and promoting these technologies in public transportation. Working in this direction, this work provides a review of the impact of the introduction of driverless electric minibuses, for the first and last mile transportation, in public service. More specifically, this paper covers the state of the art in terms of technological background for automation, energy efficiency via electrification and the current state of the legal framework in Europe with a focus on the Baltic Sea Region. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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