Assessment of the capacity of vehicle cabin air inlet filters to reduce diesel exhaust-induced symptoms in human volunteers
| Autor: | Jenny A. Bosson, Camilla Österlund, Maria Sehlstedt, Anders Blomberg, Christoffer Boman, Anders Bucht, Ian Mudway, Ala Muala, Jeremy P. Langrish, Anne Bion, Annelie F. Behndig, Jamshid Pourazar, Thomas Sandström, Stephane Couderc |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Diesel exhaust Adolescent Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Respiratory Medicine and Allergy Nitrogen Dioxide Air pollution medicine.disease_cause Nitric Oxide law.invention chemistry.chemical_compound Young Adult Animal science law Air Pollution Cell Line Tumor medicine Humans Nitrogen dioxide Charcoal Filtration Air filter Lungmedicin och allergi Vehicle Emissions Air Pollutants Cross-Over Studies Research Interleukin-8 Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Particulates Crossover study Healthy Volunteers Hydrocarbons Respiratory Function Tests Motor Vehicles chemistry Air Filters visual_art Taste Odorants visual_art.visual_art_medium Irritants Environmental science Female Particulate Matter |
| Zdroj: | Muala, A, Sehlstedt, M, Bion, A, Osterlund, C, Bosson, J A, Behndig, A F, Pourazar, J, Bucht, A, Boman, C, Mudway, I S, Langrish, J P, Couderc, S, Blomberg, A & Sandström, T 2014, ' Assessment of the capacity of vehicle cabin air inlet filters to reduce diesel exhaust-induced symptoms in human volunteers ', Environmental Health, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 16 . https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-069X-13-16 Environmental Health |
| DOI: | 10.1186/1476-069X-13-16 |
| Popis: | BACKGROUND: Exposure to particulate matter (PM) air pollution especially derived from traffic is associated with increases in cardiorespiratory morbidity and mortality. In this study, we evaluated the ability of novel vehicle cabin air inlet filters to reduce diesel exhaust (DE)-induced symptoms and markers of inflammation in human subjects.METHODS: Thirty healthy subjects participated in a randomized double-blind controlled crossover study where they were exposed to filtered air, unfiltered DE and DE filtered through two selected particle filters, one with and one without active charcoal. Exposures lasted for one hour. Symptoms were assessed before and during exposures and lung function was measured before and after each exposure, with inflammation assessed in peripheral blood five hours after exposures. In parallel, PM were collected from unfiltered and filtered DE and assessed for their capacity to drive damaging oxidation reactions in a cell-free model, or promote inflammation in A549 cells.RESULTS: The standard particle filter employed in this study reduced PM10 mass concentrations within the exposure chamber by 46%, further reduced to 74% by the inclusion of an active charcoal component. In addition use of the active charcoal filter was associated by a 75% and 50% reduction in NO2 and hydrocarbon concentrations, respectively. As expected, subjects reported more subjective symptoms after exposure to unfiltered DE compared to filtered air, which was significantly reduced by the filter with an active charcoal component. There were no significant changes in lung function after exposures. Similarly diesel exhaust did not elicit significant increases in any of the inflammatory markers examined in the peripheral blood samples 5 hour post-exposure. Whilst the filters reduced chamber particle concentrations, the oxidative activity of the particles themselves, did not change following filtration with either filter. In contrast, diesel exhaust PM passed through the active charcoal combination filter appeared less inflammatory to A549 cells.CONCLUSIONS: A cabin air inlet particle filter including an active charcoal component was highly effective in reducing both DE particulate and gaseous components, with reduced exhaust-induced symptoms in healthy volunteers. These data demonstrate the effectiveness of cabin filters to protect subjects travelling in vehicles from diesel exhaust emissions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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