Cover crops affect the partial nitrogen balance in a maize-forage cropping system
| Autor: | Sacha J. Mooney, Davey L. Jones, Kassiano Felipe Rocha, Ciro Antonio Rosolem, David R. Chadwick, Murilo de Souza, Danilo S. Almeida |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unesp), Bangor Univ, Univ Western Australia, Univ Nottingham |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Nitrogen balance
Soil Science Tropical forage 010501 environmental sciences engineering.material 01 natural sciences Urochloa Leaching (agriculture) Cropping system Cover crop 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Nitrogen loss biology food and beverages 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences Ultisol biology.organism_classification Nitrogen volatilization Soil quality Agronomy 040103 agronomy & agriculture engineering 0401 agriculture forestry and fisheries Environmental science Fertilizer |
| Zdroj: | Web of Science Repositório Institucional da UNESP Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) instacron:UNESP |
| Popis: | Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-10T19:44:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-02-15 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) FAPEG Goids Research Foundation FAPEMA Maranhao Research Foundation Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council Part of the nitrogen (N) fertilizer applied to crops is lost to the environment, contributing to global warming, eutrophication, and groundwater contamination. However, low N supply stimulates soil organic N turnover and carbon (C) loss, since the soil N/C ratio in soil is quasi-constant, ultimately resulting in land degradation. Grasses such as ruzigrass (Urochloa ruziziensis) grown as winter pasture or a cover crop in rotation with maize (Zea mays) can reduce N leaching, however, this may induce N deficiency and depress yields in the subsequent maize crop. Despite the potential to decrease N loss, this rotation may negatively affect the overall N balance of the cropping system. However, this remains poorly quantified. To test this hypothesis, maize, fertilized with zero to 210 kg N ha(-1), was grown after ruzigrass, palisade grass (Urochloa brizanta) and Guinea grass (Pannicum maximum), and the N inputs, outputs and partial N balance determined. Despite the intrinsically poor soil quality associated with the tropical Ultisol, maize grown after the grasses was efficient in acquiring N, resulting in a negative N balance even when 210 kg ha(-1) of N was applied after Guinea grass. Losses by leaching, N2O emission and NH3 volatilization did not exceed 13.8 kg ha(-1) irrespective of the grass type. Despite a similar N loss among grasses, Guinea grass resulted in a higher N export in the maize grain due to a higher yield, resulting in a more negative N balance. Soil N depletion can lead to C loss, which can result in land degradation. Sao Paulo State Univ, Sch Agr Sci, Dept Crop Sci, Univ Av 3780, BR-18610034 Botucatu, SP, Brazil Bangor Univ, Sch Nat Sci, Bangor LL57 2UW, Gwynedd, Wales Univ Western Australia, UWA Sch Agr & Environm, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia Univ Nottingham, Fac Sci, Div Agr & Environm Sci, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough LE12 SRB, Leics, England Sao Paulo State Univ, Sch Agr Sci, Dept Crop Sci, Univ Av 3780, BR-18610034 Botucatu, SP, Brazil FAPESP: 2015/50305-8 FAPEG Goids Research Foundation: 2015-10267001479 FAPEMA Maranhao Research Foundation: RCUK-02771/16 Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council: BB/N013201/1 |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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