Subcellular and molecular mechanisms regulating anti-Müllerian hormone gene expression in mammalian and nonmammalian species
| Autor: | Danièle Carré-Eusèbe, Rodolfo Rey, Celina Lasala, Jean-Yves Picard |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2004 |
| Předmět: |
Anti-Mullerian Hormone
Male endocrine system medicine.medical_specialty medicine.drug_class Gene Expression Ovary SOX9 Birds Internal medicine Testis Genetics medicine Animals Humans Promoter Regions Genetic Molecular Biology Testosterone Glycoproteins Regulation of gene expression Mammals Sertoli Cells biology urogenital system Fishes Gene Expression Regulation Developmental Reptiles Anti-Müllerian hormone Cell Biology General Medicine Androgen Sertoli cell female genital diseases and pregnancy complications Androgen receptor Testicular Hormones Endocrinology medicine.anatomical_structure embryonic structures biology.protein Androgens Female Follicle Stimulating Hormone hormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonists |
| Zdroj: | DNA and cell biology. 23(9) |
| ISSN: | 1044-5498 |
| Popis: | Anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) is best known for its role as an inhibitor of the development of female internal genitalia primordia during fetal life. In the testis, AMH is highly expressed by Sertoli cells of the testis from early fetal life to puberty, when it is downregulated by the action of testosterone, acting through the androgen receptor, and meiotic spermatocytes, probably acting through TNFalpha. Basal expression of AMH is induced by SOX9; GATA4, SF1, and WT1 enhance SOX9-activated expression. When the hypothalamic-pituitary axis is active and the negative effect of androgens and germ cells is absent, for example, in the fetal and neonatal periods or in disorders like androgen insensitivity, FSH upregulates AMH expression through a nonclassical cAMP-PKA pathway involving transcription factors AP2 and NFkappaB. The maintenance and hormonal regulation of AMH expression in late fetal and postnatal life requires distal AMH promoter sequences. In the ovary, granulosa cells express AMH from late fetal life at low levels; DAX1 and FOG2 seem to be responsible for negatively modulating AMH expression. Particular features are observed in AMH expression in nonmammalian species. In birds, AMH is expressed both in the male and female fetal gonads, and, like in reptiles, its expression is not preceded by that of SOX9. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|