| Popis: |
Various studies show that micro-andnanoplastics(MNPs) virtually occur in almostevery environmental compartment, leading to a high likelihood of human exposureto MNPs. Here, different exposure scenarios can occur. The most notable exposureroutes of MNPs into the human body are via the airways and gastrointestinal tract(GIT) through inhalation or ingestion, but potentially also via the skin due to the useof personal care products (PCPs) containing small NPs. Once MNPs have enteredthe human body, it is possible that they are translocated from the exposed tissue toother body compartments. In this deliverable we have summarized recent findingsof human MNPs exposure, described the potential translocation pathways of MNPsinto the human body and tissues and discussed the current knowledge on the fateof MNPs within the human body. Regarding relevant exposure scenarios, wereviewed the current knowledge on the occurrence of MNPs in food, beverages,personal care products and the air (focusing on indoor air and workplaces). To avoidredundancy to already existing review literature we reviewed the most recentliterature starting from2015. As a result of this literature review, we have decided to focus our review article onthe potential translocation pathways and about the current knowledge on the fateof MNP within the human body. Thus, we provide a broad overview of humanexposure to MNPs and the potential translocation pathways as a basis for focusedresearch into the putative effects of MNPs on humans. Thedeliverablewaspublishedina special issue termed “Micro-andNanoplastics:Environmental and Health Implications”in the peer-review journalNanoImpact inJanuary 2023 (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.impact.2022.100441). Furthermore, we included additional information in the final deliverable 2.1regarding further exposure scenarios, like hand-to-mouth exposure in children,discussing the relative contribution of the known exposure pathways and the role ofadditives and contaminants for the potential toxicity of MNPs. |
