A randomised study of intranasal dexmedetomidine and oral ketamine for premedication in children
| Autor: | W.-X. Li, J.-E. Jia, X. Hu, J.-Y. Chen |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Sedation Administration Oral Sedation scale law.invention Randomized controlled trial law medicine Humans Hypnotics and Sedatives Optimal combination Ketamine Dexmedetomidine Child Administration Intranasal Analgesics Analysis of Variance Dose-Response Relationship Drug business.industry Surgery Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Patient Satisfaction Child Preschool Anesthesia Female Nasal administration Premedication medicine.symptom business Preanesthetic Medication Stress Psychological medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Anaesthesia. 68:944-949 |
| ISSN: | 0003-2409 |
| Popis: | We studied the effects of intranasal dexmedetomidine combined with oral ketamine for premedication in children. One hundred and sixty children aged between 2 and 6 years were randomly allocated to one of four groups: 1 μg.kg(-1) intranasal dexmedetomidine with 3 mg.kg(-1) oral ketamine (Group 1); 1 μg.kg(-1) intranasal dexmedetomidine with 5 mg.kg(-1) oral ketamine (Group 2); 2 μg.kg(-1) intranasal dexmedetomidine with 3 mg.kg(-1) oral ketamine (Group 3); and 2 μg.kg(-1) intranasal dexmedetomidine with 5 mg.kg(-1) oral ketamine (Group 4). Sedation levels 10, 20 and 30 min after premedication were evaluated using a 5-point sedation scale. A 4-point emotional state score was used to evaluate patients when they were separated from their parents and their response to intravenous cannulation or facemask application. Approximately 90% of patients readily accepted premedication and onset times of acceptable sedation were similar in all four groups. Patients in Group 4 were significantly more sedated than those in Group 1 after 30 min (p = 0.036). A significantly higher proportion of patients in Group 3 (84%) and Group 4 (87%) accepted intravenous cannulation compared with those in Group 1 (40%) and Group 2 (54%) (p = 0.001). We conclude that the administration of 2 μg.kg(-1) intranasal dexmedetomidine and 3 mg.kg(-1) oral ketamine was the optimal combination, with children being easily separated from their parent, accepting intravenous cannulation and without causing excessive side-effects or postoperative complications. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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