Omics Approaches to Study Formation and Function of Human Placental Syncytiotrophoblast
| Autor: | Gargi Jaju Bhattad, Adam Jaremek, Stephen J. Renaud, Mariyan J. Jeyarajah |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
placenta QH301-705.5 syncytiotrophoblast Review Biology Maternal Physiology 03 medical and health sciences Cell and Developmental Biology 0302 clinical medicine Syncytiotrophoblast Placenta medicine Progenitor cell Biology (General) reproductive and urinary physiology Fetus Pregnancy 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine Trophoblast Cell Biology medicine.disease trophoblast cell models 3. Good health omics 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure embryonic structures Cytotrophoblasts pregnancy Neuroscience Developmental Biology |
| Zdroj: | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Vol 9 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2296-634X |
| Popis: | Proper development of the placenta is vital for pregnancy success. The placenta regulates exchange of nutrients and gases between maternal and fetal blood and produces hormones essential to maintain pregnancy. The placental cell lineage primarily responsible for performing these functions is a multinucleated entity called syncytiotrophoblast. Syncytiotrophoblast is continuously replenished throughout pregnancy by fusion of underlying progenitor cells called cytotrophoblasts. Dysregulated syncytiotrophoblast formation disrupts the integrity of the placental exchange surface, which can be detrimental to maternal and fetal health. Moreover, various factors produced by syncytiotrophoblast enter into maternal circulation, where they profoundly impact maternal physiology and are promising diagnostic indicators of pregnancy health. Despite the multifunctional importance of syncytiotrophoblast for pregnancy success, there is still much to learn about how its formation is regulated in normal and diseased states. ‘Omics’ approaches are gaining traction in many fields to provide a more holistic perspective of cell, tissue, and organ function. Herein, we review human syncytiotrophoblast development and current model systems used for its study, discuss how ‘omics’ strategies have been used to provide multidimensional insights into its formation and function, and highlight limitations of current platforms as well as consider future avenues for exploration. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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