The Gut Microbiota and Dysbiosis in Autism Spectrum Disorders
| Autor: | Heather K. Hughes, Destanie R. Rose, Paul Ashwood |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Dysregulation Autism Spectrum Disorder Autism Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD) Neurodevelopment Clinical Sciences Gut flora Bioinformatics digestive system Article 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Metabolomics fluids and secretions Behavioral and Social Science medicine Animals Humans Pediatric Behavior Neurology & Neurosurgery biology Human studies General Neuroscience Microbiota Neurosciences Brain Fecal bacteriotherapy medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Intervention studies Brain Disorders Gastrointestinal Microbiome 030104 developmental biology Mental Health Immune Mediators Dysbiosis Neurology (clinical) 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Current neurology and neuroscience reports, vol 18, iss 11 |
| ISSN: | 1534-6293 |
| Popis: | PURPOSE OF REVIEW: There is a growing body of evidence indicating the gut microbiota influence neurodevelopment and behavior. The purposes of this review are to provide an overview of studies analyzing the microbiota and their metabolites in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and to discuss the possible mechanisms of action involved in microbial influence on the brain and behavior. RECENT FINDINGS: The microbiota-gut-brain (MGB) axis has been extensively studied in animal models, and it is clear that alterations in the composition of microbiota alter neurological and behavioral outcomes. However, findings in human studies are less abundant. Although there are several studies so far showing altered microbiota (dysbiosis) in ASD, the results are heterogeneous and often contradictory. Intervention studies such as fecal microbiota transplant therapies show promise and lend credence to the involvement of the microbiota in ASD. SUMMARY: A role for the microbiota in ASD is likely; however, further studies elucidating microbial or metabolomic signatures and mechanisms of action are needed. Future research should focus on intervention studies that can identify specific metabolites and immune mediators that improve with treatment to help identify etiologies and pathological mechanisms of ASD. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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