Post-mortem concentrations of drugs determined in femoral blood in single-drug fatalities compared with multi-drug poisoning deaths
| Autor: | Alan Wayne Jones, Johan Ahlner, Anita Holmgren |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Drug
medicine.medical_specialty Databases Factual Substance-Related Disorders media_common.quotation_subject Propoxyphene Autopsy Drug overdose 01 natural sciences Pathology and Forensic Medicine 03 medical and health sciences Forensic Toxicology 0302 clinical medicine Internal medicine medicine Humans 030216 legal & forensic medicine Driving under the influence media_common Zopiclone Sweden Ethanol business.industry Illicit Drugs Poisoning 010401 analytical chemistry celebrities Forensic toxicology Central Nervous System Depressants medicine.disease 0104 chemical sciences celebrities.reason_for_arrest Suicide Alprazolam Pharmaceutical Preparations Anesthesia Accidents Drug Overdose business Law medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Forensic science international. 267 |
| ISSN: | 1872-6283 |
| Popis: | Background Reference concentrations of drugs in post-mortem femoral blood furnishes useful information when poisoning (intoxication) deaths are investigated. However, few publications compare the concentrations of drugs in single-drug fatalities with multi-drug intoxications. This article attempts to fill this gap in knowledge. Methods We searched a national forensic toxicology database (TOXBASE) and found N =13,963 deaths attributed by pathologists to intoxication by drugs (poisoning). The manner of death, whether accidental, suicidal or undetermined intent, was also available. To compare drug concentrations in living and deceased persons, we used information from people arrested for driving under the influence of drugs (DUID). Results The percentage of drug intoxication deaths classified as undetermined intent decreased and accidental overdose deaths increased during the study period. In 2010 manner of death was considered accidental, suicidal or undetermined, in 41%, 30% and 28% of victims, respectively. Most of the deceased had taken multiple drugs (mean three drugs/case) and four or more drugs were identified in 35% of deaths. In single-drug fatalities ethanol (1585), morphine (114), citalopram (28), propoxyphene (51), flunitrazepam (70), propiomazine (46), tramadol (20) and zopiclone (15) were most prevalent. Alprazolam and diazepam were common findings in multi-drug deaths, although these benzodiazepines were rarely encountered in mono-drug intoxication deaths. Median blood concentrations were appreciably higher (2–10 fold) in single-drug fatalities compared with multi-drug deaths. The blood concentrations in DUID suspects were mostly lower than in the multi-drug poisoning deaths. Conclusion This compilation of femoral blood concentrations of drugs in poisoning deaths provides a useful reference material, because we have distinguished between mono-drug intoxication deaths and poisoning with multiple-drugs. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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